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405fd07656
22058: tweak docs for release
689 lines
30 KiB
Plaintext
689 lines
30 KiB
Plaintext
-------------------------------------
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CHANGES FROM PREVIOUS VERSIONS OF ZSH
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-------------------------------------
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Major changes between versions 4.2 and 4.3
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------------------------------------------
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- There is support for multibyte character sets in the line editor,
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though not the main shell. See Multibyte Character Support in INSTALL.
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- The shell can now run an installation function for a new user
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(one with no .zshrc, .zshenv, .zprofile or .zlogin file) without
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any additional setting up by the administrator.
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- The manual now has a Roadmap section (manual page zshroadmap) to
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give new users an indication of the most interesting parts of the
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manual.
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- New option PROMPT_SP, on by default, to work around the problem that the
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line editor can overwrite output with no newline at the end.
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- New option HIST_SAVE_BY_COPY (on by default): history is saved by
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copying and renaming instead of directly overwriting.
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- New redirection syntax e.g. {myfd}>file opens a new file descriptor
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and stores the number in $myfd, so that >&$myfd will work. Chosen
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not to break existing code (and to be compatible with proposals for the
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Korn shell).
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- New Posix-style zsh-specific tests [[:IDENT:]], [[:IFS:]],
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[[:IFSSPACE:]], [[:WORD:]] test if character can appear in identifier,
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is an IFS character, is an IFS whitespace character, or is considered
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as part of a word (is alphanumeric or appears in $WORDCHARS). Note
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the pattern code doesn't yet handle multibyte characters.
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- The idiom =(<<<...) is optimised so that the shell internally turns
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the ... into the contents of a file whose name is then substituted.
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- Supplied functions catch and throw provide limited support for
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exception handling using the `{ ... } always { ... }' syntax.
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- Signals now accept the SIG as part of the name for compatibility with
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other shells.
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- Editor function argument-base allows non-decimal arguments for
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editor widgets.
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- As always, there are many enhancements to completion functions.
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Changes in 4.2 since version 4.2.0
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----------------------------------
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- The autoload and related builtins take options -k and -z to indicate
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ksh or zsh autoloading style for given functions, making it possible
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to mix and match.
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- Assignments to associative arrays can use the i and r index flags.
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For example,
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assoc[(i)alpha*]=bravo
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sets the value for the element whose key matches the pattern `alpha*';
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assoc[(r)activ*]=passive
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sets the value for the element whose current value matches the pattern
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`activ*'.
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- The glob qualifier F indicates a non-empty directory. Hence *(F)
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indicates all subdirectories with entries, *(/^F) means all
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subdirectories with no entries.
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- fc -p and fc -P provide push/pop for the status of the shell's
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history (both internal and using the history file). With automatic
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scoping (fc -ap) it becomes easy to use a temporary history in a
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function. This has been added to the calculator function zcalc to make
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its internal history work more seamlessly.
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- A new `try block' and `always block' syntax has been introduced
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to make it easier to ensure the shell runs important tidy-up code
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in the event of an error. It also runs after a break, continue, or
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return, including a return forced by the ERR_RETURN option
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(but not an exit, which is immediate). The syntax is:
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`{' try-block-list `}' `always' `{' always-block-list `}'
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where no newline or semicolon may appear between `}' and `always'.
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This is compatible with all previous valid zsh syntax as an `always'
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at that point used to be a syntax error. For example,
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{ echo Code run in current shell } always { echo Tidy-up code }
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- A new zle widget reset-prompt has been added to re-expand the current
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prompt. Changes to the variable in use as well as changes in its
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expanions are both taken into account. The same effect is now forced by
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a job change notification, making the %j prompt escape and %(j..) ternary
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expression more useful.
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- The zftp module supports ports following the hostname in the normal suffix
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notation, `host:port'. This requires IPv6 colon-style addresses to be
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specified in suitably quoted square brackets, for example:
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zftp open '[f000::baaa]'
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zftp open '[f000::baaa]:ftp'
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(the two are equivalent).
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- Special traps, those that don't correspond to signals, i.e. ZERR, DEBUG
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and EXIT are no longer executed inside other traps. This caused
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unnecessary confusion if, for example, both DEBUG and EXIT traps
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were set. The new behaviour is more compatible with other shells.
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- New option TRAPS_ASYNC which if set allows traps to run while the
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shell is waiting for a child process. This is the traditional zsh
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behaviour; POSIX requires the option to be unset. In sh/ksh
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compatibility mode the option is turned off by default and the option
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letter -T turns it on, for compatibility with FreeBSD sh.
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- New WIDGETSTYLE, WIDGETFUNC parameters in ZLE.
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- Glob qualifier (+func) is shorthand for (e:func:) (calls a command,
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typically a shell function, with no argument).
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New features between zsh versions 4.0 and 4.2
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---------------------------------------------
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Configuration:
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- upgraded to use autoconf post-2.50
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- improved compatibility with other shells through shell options,
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builtin arguments and improved builtin option parsing
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Syntax and builtins:
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- new printf builtin
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- `+=' to append to parameters which works for scalars, arrays and (with
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pairs) associative arrays.
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- enhanced multiple parameter `for' loops:
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for key value in key1 value1 key2 value2 ...
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maintaining full compatibility with POSIX syntax.
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- Suffix aliases allow the shell to run a command on a file by suffix,
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e.g `alias -s ps=gv' makes `foo.ps' execute `gv foo.ps'. Supplied
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function zsh-mime-setup uses existing mailcap and mime.types files
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to set up suitable aliases. Supplied function pick-web-browser is
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suitable for finding a browser to show .html etc. files by suffix alias.
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- new option `no_case_glob' for case-insensitive globbing.
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Add-on modules and functions:
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- zsh/datetime modules makes date formatting and seconds since EPOCH
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available inside the shell.
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- zsh/net/tcp module provides builtin interface to TCP through ztcp
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builtin. Function suite for interactive and script use with expect-style
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pattern matching.
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- zsh/net/socket module provides zsocket builtin.
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- zcalc calculator function with full line editing.
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- builtin interface to pcre library
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- zsh/zselect module provides zselect builtin as interface to select
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system call
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Completion system:
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- general improvements to command and context support, low-level functions,
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display code.
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- in verbose mode, matches with the same description are grouped
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- highly configurable completions for values of specific parameters,
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specific redirections for specific commands
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- support for bash completion functions (typically zsh native functions are
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more powerful where available)
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- New completions provided for (some of these may be in later 4.0
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releases): valgrind, tidy, texinfo, infocmp, Java classes, larch, limit,
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locale parameters, netcat, mysqldiff, mt, lsof, elinks, ant, debchange
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(dch), email addresses, file system types, Perforce, xsltproc.
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Plus many others.
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Line editor:
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- special parameters $PREDISPLAY, $POSTDISPLAY available in function
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widgets to configure uneditable text (for narrowing)
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- recursive editing
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- supplied widgets read-from-minibuffer, replace-string use these features
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(more intuitive prompting and argument reading than 4.0)
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- access to killed text via $CUTBUFFER and $killring
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- supplied highly configurable word widgets forward-word-match etc., can
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set what constitutes a word interactively or in startup script
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(implement bash-style behaviour, replacing previous bash-* word widgets)
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- interface to incremental search via $LASTSEARCH
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- better handling of keymaps in zle and widgets
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- better support for output from user-defined widgets while zle is active
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- tetris game which runs entirely in zle
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- several other contributed widgets
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Local internal improvements:
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- disowned jobs are automatically restarted
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- \u and \U print escapes for Unicode
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- read -d <delimiter> allows a custom line ending.
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- read -t <timeout>.
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- line numbers in error messages and $PS4 output are more consistent
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- `=prog' expands only paths, no longer aliases for consistency
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- job display in prompts; `jobs' command output can be piped
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- prompts: new $RPROMPT2, %^, %j, %y, enhanced %{, %}, %_.
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- rand48() function in zsh/mathfunc for better randomness in arithmetic
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(if the corresponding math library function is present)
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- $SECONDS parameter can be made floating point via `typeset -F SECONDS'
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for better timing accuracy
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- improvements to command line history mechanism
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- job table is dynamically sized, preventing overflow (typically seen
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previously in complex completions).
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- many bugfixes
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New features in zsh version 4.0.1
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---------------------------------
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Compared with 3.1.9, there are mostly incremental improvements to
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- the new completion system --- more functions, completers, styles...
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- the line editor
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- handling of signals and traps
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- the configuration system, particularly for modules
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- Cygwin support (now essentially complete)
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- arithmetic evaluation
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- the zpty (pseudoterminal handling) module
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- the test suite
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plus various bug fixes and compatibility improvements.
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The alias modules (zle.so as an alias for zsh/zle.so, etc.) have been
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removed; use `zmodload -A' to load modules under other names. This is
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irrelevant if you are upgrading from 3.0.
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Compared with the 3.0 series of releases (the last stable set), the most
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significant of a large number of improvements in the shell are:
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- Dynamically loadable modules with hierarchical naming system
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- Shell functions as editor functions, with much additional builtin support
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- Incredibly rich new completion system; just needs a single
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initialization command to provide completion for all sorts of commands
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and contexts
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- Associative arrays
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- Lots of new features in parameter substitution and globbing; more
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logical handling of nested parameter substitutions
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- Rewritten pattern-matching (globbing) code supports approximate
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and case-insensitive matching and backreferences
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- Various custom modules for pty's, FTP, special parameters, etc.
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- Rewrites of many internal parts of the code: execution code to
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provide compilation to internal representation, pattern matching
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- Floating point arithmetic and mathematical functions module
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- A test suite
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- Various new options for compatibility with this, that and the other
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See the 3.1.x changes below for more detail.
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New features in zsh version 3.1.8 and 3.1.9
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-------------------------------------------
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These are primarily bug-fix versions. There are only a few user-visible
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changes.
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- Array slices ${array[a,b]} with b < a now correctly have zero length.
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New features in zsh version 3.1.7
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---------------------------------
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Further enhancements to new completion system:
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- Comprehensive context-sensitive configuration via `styles', which
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can be set by the menu-driven front end in compinstall
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- General mechanism for setting patterns to be ignored in a completion;
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overriding of patterns to be matched for functions
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- New completers: _prefix to complete word before cursor, _ignored
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to complete using words so far ignored (like $fignore but more
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powerful), _history to complete words from shell history
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- Multiple use of completers with different options, similarly splitting
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of different types of completion (`tags') so they are considered with
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different styles
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- Many more supplied completions for standard commands which work out of
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the box, and better handling of command line options/arguments which
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behave in the usual way
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- $fpath now set up to use installed functions by default; functions
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can be loaded just by `autoload -U compinit; compinit'
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- Much improved handling of nested quoting and nested braces
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- New LIST_PACKED and LIST_ROWS_FIRST completion options and corresponding
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styles
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- compctl library separated out (frozen but still supported)
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- User-friendly introduction available at zsh website
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http://sunsite.auc.dk/zsh/
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Additions to complist listing library (coloured completion and menu
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selection):
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- Listings can be shown page by page (are by default for new completion)
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- Menu selection allows full up and down scrolling of long lists
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Other editing features:
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- new parameters $PENDING, $MARK, $BUFFERLINES
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- Easy display of a prompt from within an editing widget
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Code parsing, storing and execution:
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- Completely new system of storing code internally, greatly optimised
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- Much less memory for shell functions etc.
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- Can compile shell functions to .zwc `wordcode' functions for fast
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loading
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- Can create `digest' files of entire directories in .zwc format
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Parameters:
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- Floating point support added, similar to ksh93, `typeset -F' and
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`typeset -E' declare floating point variables; usual C/Fortran-like
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rules for integer/float conversion
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- Mathematical library zsh/mathfunc contains all the standard mathematical
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functions for use in arithmetical expressions
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- Improved parsing of arithmetical expressions and better error messages
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- Special parameters can be made local
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- `typeset -h' hides specialness of parameters, either as parameter
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attribute or when declaring new local variable
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- Local parameters can now be exported as in other shells; new option
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GLOBAL_EXPORTS on by default provides old behaviour that `typeset -x'
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referred to global parameters.
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- zsh/parameter module enhanced: now needed for new completion; parameters
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provided have `-h' flag set so that they are hidden by `typeset', so
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that existing functions don't need to be changed
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- Quotes can be stripped from parameter values with ${(Q)...}, providing
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reverse of ${(q...)...} facility
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Globbing and pattern matching:
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- Pattern matching rewritten for efficiency
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- Supports `backreferences', i.e. extracting parenthesised chunks of
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matches, e.g.
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[[ $foo = (#b)(*/)[^/]* ]]
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stores the part of $foo up to the last / in $match[1] and the indexes of
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the match in $mbegin[1], $mend[1]. (#m) is also available to set $MATCH
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to the entire match and corresponding $MBEGIN, $MEND: useful in
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parameter substitutions like ${.../.../...}.
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- (#s) and (#e) match start and end of pattern like ^ and $ in regular
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expression, useful in complex expressions such as ((#s)|/)dirname((#e)|/)
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and in parameter expressions.
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- Depth-first/last listing of recursive glob lists
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Functions etc.:
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- `autoload -X' inside a function body instructs the shell to
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bootstrap the function at that point
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- `autoload +X fn' says load the function fn but don't execute it
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- Prompt `themes' make customization of prompts easier
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Modules:
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- New hierarchical naming scheme for modules; supplied modules go into
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zsh subdirectory, so zle becomes zsh/zle etc.; aliases supplied for
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compatibility for existing code, but the new format should be used in
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future.
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- zmodload is more consistent between dynamically and statically linked
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shells
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- zsh/zftp and its function suite support multiple sessions (zfsession
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command); zftransfer allows transfer of files between two ftp sessions
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with no local file; use styles for e.g. progress style; IPv6 supported;
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recursive put `zfput -r' for uploads
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- zsh/zpty module creates pseudoterminal and allows builtin `expect'-like
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behaviour
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Other:
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- Test suite, not yet complete (`make test')
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- use of Linux task limits
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- Many fixes including output redirection with `setopt xtrace' and
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other redirection fixes; NIS+ problem.
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- Better null-command behaviour in sh and csh emulation
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- Internal memory usage optimisations
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New features in zsh version 3.1.6 (beta version)
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------------------------------------------------
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Note also the changes for 3.0.6, which include changes between 3.1.5. and
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3.1.6.
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New completion system via shell functions; massive degree of
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programmability and configurability:
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- ready-made function suite to use, see zshcompsys(1)
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- approximate completion and spelling correction via completion
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- control over matching for case-independence, partial word completion, etc.
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- menu selection: choose a completion by moving the cursor
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- coloured completion lists
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- completion of filenames in quotes is now more reliable; splitting
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quoted strings into command arguments is also possible.
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Other editing changes:
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- enhancements to function/editing interface: new parameters, numeric
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arguments, string argument passing, reading keys from widgets.
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- the old history-search-{back,for}ward behaviour and bindings have
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returned (up to minor details).
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- BASH_AUTO_LIST option to show completion list only on second key press.
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- the ZBEEP parameter gives a string to output instead of beeping,
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allowing you to have a visual bell.
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History changes: new options HIST_NO_FUNCTIONS, HIST_EXPIRE_DUPS_FIRST,
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HIST_FIND_NO_DUPS, HIST_IGNORE_ALL_DUPS, INC_APPEND_HISTORY,
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HIST_SAVE_NO_DUPS, SHARE_HISTORY, allow better control of when history is
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read and written and how duplicates are handled. New format for history
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saves.
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Associative arrays plus enhanced parameter substitutions to retrieve keys
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and values.
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Globbing changes:
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- Case-insensitive and approximate globbing.
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- Ordering and indexing of globbing matches, e.g. *(om[1]) picks
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most recently modified file.
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- General file mode qualifier with chmod(1)-like syntax, e.g. *(f:u+wx:)
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New loadable modules:
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- zftp, plus associated function suite, for turning your zsh session
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into an FTP session too
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- parameter, for examining and altering shell hash tables via an
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associative array interface.
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- mapfile, for reading and writing external files via an associative
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array interface.
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Debugging and prompt enhancements:
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- $PS4 can contain %i for $LINENO as well as %N for script or function
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names (default PS4 changed), also %_ for current shell structure
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executing;
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- Prompt truncation %<...< is now more flexible: it applies to a
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whole section of the prompt, not just one escape. You need to put
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%<< after the truncated escape to get the old behaviour.
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- %20(l.yes.no) in prompts prints yes if at least 20 characters have
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been output, else no (e.g. for outputting extra newlines).
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Parameter and expansion changes
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- `typeset -t MYPATH mypath' creates tied path/PATH-like variables
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- `typeset -g' allows operations on parameters without making them local
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- New expansions
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- ${(t)param} prints type information for $param
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- ${(P)param} treats value of $param as the name of a param to
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substitute
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- ${foo:q} can quote replaced parameter text from expansion
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- ${foo/old/new} substitution, like bash; also (S) flag for shortest
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match
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- $foo[(b.2.i)bar] starts searching $foo for bar starting at 2nd match
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Builtin and function changes
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- stat module: `stat -H hash foo' gives you e.g. $hash[mtime]
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- `autoload -U' autoloads functions without alias expansion.
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Other new options:
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- LOCAL_TRAPS allows signal traps to be local to functions (as in ksh).
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- NO_RCS can now be turned on at any point in initialization files.
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- NO_GLOBAL_RCS can force /etc/z* files after /etc/zshenv to be skipped.
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(Please don't use this as an excuse to stuff more into /etc/zshenv!)
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- Existing MAGIC_EQUAL_SUBST option is more useful; any argument containing
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...=~...:~... will perform filename expansion on the ~ (previously,
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the string before `=' had to look like a parameter name).
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Configuration changes:
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- Generation of signal names should be more reliable
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- Customizable installation of shell functions from distribution.
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New features in zsh version 3.0.6
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---------------------------------
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Most of these changes are designed to improve compatibility with zsh
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version 3.1.6, the latest development release. However, this release also
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fixes all known Year 2000 (Y2K) bugs in zsh 3.0.
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History changes:
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- whitespace between words is ignored in history searches.
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- new option HIST_REDUCE_BLANKS removes extra whitespace in the stored
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history.
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- support for reading (but not writing) version 3.1.6 history files.
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Globbing changes:
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- the a, c, and m glob qualifiers can now test time in seconds.
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- globbing of number ranges behaves more like character ranges in that
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it can match a prefix of a number, e.g. `<1-5>*' matches 1, 2, 3, 4,
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|
5, 17, 23skiddoo, 5986, etc., but not 6, 7, 8ball, 911, etc.
|
|
|
|
Parameter and expansion changes:
|
|
- expansion of ~ and other globbing flags via ${~param} do not depend
|
|
upon EXTENDED_GLOB (bug fix).
|
|
- nested parameter substitutions require braces (this was always the
|
|
documented behavior, but previous parsers didn't enforce it).
|
|
- quote only nested expansion, e.g. ${(f)"$(<file)"} reads complete
|
|
`file', then splits lines into array.
|
|
|
|
Builtin and function changes:
|
|
- `typeset -U' works on the colon-array version of linked parameters.
|
|
- `typeset +f' and `functions +' output the names (only) of functions.
|
|
- `emulate -L' has the effect of `setopt localoptions'.
|
|
- in fn1() { local foo; unset foo; foo=bar; }, foo is restored at local
|
|
level, whereas if the `unset foo' appeared in a nested function it
|
|
would have been restored at global level, which was presumably wrong.
|
|
- `foo=bar >&file' is a redirection, not a NULLCMD.
|
|
- any single complex command, such as `case ... esac', parses as if
|
|
semicolon-terminated (bug fix).
|
|
- the shell function `preexec', if defined, is run after parsing each
|
|
command line but before executing the command.
|
|
|
|
Other changes:
|
|
- the option PRINT_EIGHT_BIT causes zsh to emit raw bytes in prompts
|
|
and completion lists even if the system ctype(3) package says that
|
|
those bytes are not "printable."
|
|
|
|
Debugging enhancements:
|
|
- LINENO is now very much more useful in scripts and functions and is
|
|
reported correctly in most error messages.
|
|
- ERREXIT behavior is now consistent with newer Bourne-like shells,
|
|
e.g. with respect to `if' tests that fail.
|
|
|
|
Configuration changes:
|
|
- Large file and 64-bit integers on 32-bit machines supported where
|
|
provided by OS.
|
|
- a few more system features, such as getpwnam/getpwuid, are tested for.
|
|
|
|
|
|
New features in zsh version 3.1 (beta version)
|
|
----------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
On most operating systems zsh can load binary modules dynamically at
|
|
run-time. ZLE and the compctl builtin are now reside in a separate
|
|
module which is loaded automatically on demand.
|
|
|
|
for ((expr; expr; expr)) do ... done loop syntax from AT&T ksh93 is
|
|
now supported.
|
|
|
|
POSIX globbing character classes ([:alnum:] etc.) are now supported.
|
|
|
|
ksh's case fall-through feature (;&) is supported.
|
|
|
|
ksh93's $'' quoting syntax is supported.
|
|
|
|
Restricted mode is now supported. This is controlled by the new option
|
|
RESTRICTED (-r).
|
|
|
|
New options BARE_GLOB_QUAL, HIST_NO_FUNCTIONS (alias NO_LOG), KSH_GLOB,
|
|
PRINT_EIGHT_BIT, PROMPT_BANG, PROMPT_PERCENT, RM_STAR_WAIT.
|
|
|
|
Options ALWAYS_LAST_PROMPT, APPEND_HISTORY, AUTO_LIST, AUTO_MENU,
|
|
AUTO_PARAM_KEYS, AUTO_PARAM_SLASH, AUTO_REMOVE_SLASH, LIST_AMBIGUOUS
|
|
and LIST_TYPES are now on by default.
|
|
|
|
In ZLE, arbitrarily many keymaps can be defined. Multi-character
|
|
keybindings now work.
|
|
|
|
Completion can be performed within a brace expansion.
|
|
|
|
EMACS-like universal-argument function.
|
|
|
|
|
|
New features in zsh version 3.0
|
|
-------------------------------
|
|
|
|
Trailing "/" in a glob pattern now works like in other shell thus it
|
|
can no longer be used as a shorthand for "(/)".
|
|
|
|
Much improved sh/ksh emulation. When zsh is invoked as sh it mostly
|
|
conforms to POSIX 1003.2.
|
|
|
|
Enhanced parameter expansion features: new flags: A, @, e, W, p, f, F.
|
|
Expansions can be nested. For example,
|
|
"${${(M)${(f@)$(<builtin.pro)}:#char*}[2][(w)3]}" expands to the third
|
|
word of the second line of builtin.pro which begins with char. See
|
|
zshexpn(1) for the details.
|
|
|
|
***/foo glob does recursive directory search following symbolic links.
|
|
|
|
Traps defined by the trap builtin are now executed in the current shell
|
|
environment and not as a shell function. This means that $1 is not set
|
|
to the signal number. Of course the TRAPxxx functions continue working
|
|
as before.
|
|
|
|
Traps defined by the trap builtin are reset to their default values in
|
|
subshells.
|
|
|
|
Option names can be prefixed by `no' to unset an option.
|
|
setopt no_option_name is the same as unsetopt option_name.
|
|
This change affects the output of the setopt and unsetopt
|
|
builtins when these are invoked without arguments. See
|
|
the zshoptions manual page for more explanation.
|
|
|
|
!, {, } and [[ are now reserved words. Things like [[-z $foo]] or {foo}
|
|
should not be used. {foo} still works if the IGNORE_BRACES option is not
|
|
set but this feature may be removed in the future. [[ -z $foo ]] and
|
|
{ foo } should be used instead.
|
|
|
|
HOSTTYPE special parameter is removed. The new OSTYPE, MACHTYPE and
|
|
VENDOR parameters should be used instead.
|
|
|
|
VERSION parameter is renamed to ZSH_VERSION
|
|
|
|
exec now saves the history in interactive shells. If you do not like this
|
|
behaviour you can alias exec to 'unset HISTFILE ; exec'.
|
|
|
|
${~spec}, ${=spec} and ${^spec} used to toggle the effect of
|
|
globsubst/shwordsplit/rcexpandparam. Now these force the corresponding
|
|
option on. ~, = or ^ can be doubled to force the relevant option off for
|
|
the substitution.
|
|
|
|
Explicitly requested word splitting like ${=spec} or ${(s:delim:)spec}
|
|
will be executed even if the substitution is double quoted.
|
|
|
|
The right-hand side of assignments are no longer globbed by default hence
|
|
assignment foo=* will assign '*' as a value of foo. Use the foo=( * )
|
|
array assignment syntax to get the old behaviour. Alternatively the
|
|
GLOB_ASSIGN can be set to emulate the old behaviour but the usage of this
|
|
option is strongly discouraged and this option may be completely removed in
|
|
the future.
|
|
|
|
foo=$bar no longer creates an array even if bar is an array. Use
|
|
foo=( $bar ) or even better, foo=( "$bar[@]" ) instead.
|
|
|
|
When foo is an array parameter ${#foo} will always return the length of the
|
|
array even if the substitution is double quoted. ${(c)#foo} should be used
|
|
to get back the old behaviour.
|
|
|
|
When the prompt_subst option is set prompts are fully expanded using
|
|
parameter expansion, command substitution and arithmetic expansion.
|
|
In 2.5 backquote substitution was not performed in the prompts so this
|
|
change might cause problems in some startup scripts if ` is used literally
|
|
in prompts.
|
|
|
|
History substitution is now not performed if the history escape character
|
|
appears in a single-quoted string. This may break some interactive shell
|
|
functions which use \! in single-quoted strings.
|
|
|
|
The UID, EUID, GID, EGID parameters can be assigned now. The assignment
|
|
executes the setuid(), seteuid(), setgid(), setegid() respectively. On
|
|
systems where setuid and seteuid is not supported these functions are
|
|
emulated using setreuid or setresuid which may result in a different
|
|
behaviour.
|
|
|
|
Assigning the USERNAME parameter will call setuid(uid) where uid is the
|
|
user id of the specified user.
|
|
|
|
The privileged (-p) option is automatically set on invocation if euid != uid
|
|
or egid != gid. If this option is set no user startup files are sourced.
|
|
The shell will drop privileges when this option is unset by resetting its
|
|
euid to uid and its egid to gid.
|
|
|
|
The =number substitution for accessing the directory stack is changed to
|
|
~number to allow =command substitution when a command name begins with a
|
|
digit.
|
|
|
|
<> is a redirection operator which opens the standard input for both
|
|
reading and writing. To match a number use <->.
|
|
|
|
Option letters -1 and -C for PRINT_EXIT_VALUE and NO_CLOBBER are swapped:
|
|
`set -C' sets NO_CLOBBER and `set -1' sets PRINT_EXIT_VALUE.
|
|
|
|
AUTO_PUSHD behaviour is changed. Now cd without arguments will always go
|
|
to the $HOME directory even if AUTO_PUSHD is set and PUSHD_TO_HOME is not
|
|
set. If you preferred the old behaviour you can alias cd to pushd.
|
|
|
|
IFS word splitting with SH_WORD_SPLIT and the splitting of the input in the
|
|
read builtin has changed in cases when IFS contains characters other than
|
|
<space>, <tab>, <newline>. See the description of IFS in the zshparam
|
|
manual page for more details.
|
|
|
|
|
|
New features in zsh version 2.5
|
|
-------------------------------
|
|
|
|
Greatly expanded completion possibilities. Programmable completion
|
|
allows detailed control over what arguments of what commands can be
|
|
completed to what. See dots/zcomp in the distribution for examples.
|
|
|
|
Expand filenames with ~ and = on the right hand side of parameter
|
|
assignments. New option MAGIC_EQUAL_SUBST to do it in all
|
|
identifier=expression arguments.
|
|
|
|
${+name} becomes 1 or 0 if name is set or unset. ${~spec} toggles
|
|
GLOB_SUBST in substitution. Parameter substitution takes lots
|
|
of flags in the format ${(flags)name}.
|
|
|
|
New glob qualifiers for block/character special files, times in glob
|
|
qualifiers can be in months, weeks, days, hours, minutes. Qualifiers can
|
|
work on links or on what they point to. Qualifiers separated by commas
|
|
are or-ed.
|
|
|
|
New parameter substitution modifiers (fFwW) to repeat actions. New
|
|
option CSH_JUNKIE_HISTORY.
|
|
|
|
New line editor functions history-beginning-search-backward,
|
|
history-beginning-search-forward, expand-or-complete-prefix, push-input,
|
|
push-line-or-edit.
|
|
|
|
Assign to part of a string, use qualifiers on string subscription with
|
|
$foo[(qual)2,5]
|
|
|
|
New parameters: EGID, EUID, KEYTIMEOUT
|
|
|
|
New prompt escape sequence %_ to get constructs like for and while in
|
|
the secondary prompt. %E in prompt clears to end of screen.
|
|
|
|
Conditional expressions in PROMPT and WATCHFMT.
|
|
|
|
New options ALWAYS_LAST_PROMPT, ALWAYS_TO_END, AUTO_PARAM_KEYS,
|
|
COMPLETE_ALIASES, COMPLETE_IN_WORD, CSH_JUNKIE_HISTORY, GLOB_SUBST,
|
|
LIST_AMBIGUOUS, MAGIC_EQUAL_SUBST, NO_FLOW_CONTROL, PROMPT_SUBST
|
|
|
|
New option -m to many builtins makes arguments subject to pattern
|
|
matching.
|
|
|
|
Bindkey can now bind both key sequences and prefixes of those. You can
|
|
for example bind ESC and function keys sending ESC sequences.
|
|
|
|
Additional options to read builtin to use in functions called by
|
|
completion.
|
|
|
|
New options to print to sort arguments and print them in columns.
|
|
|
|
Some additional resource limits can be specified.
|
|
|
|
Some editor functions now work in the minibuffer.
|