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https://github.com/poseidon/typhoon
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147c21a4bd
* Introduce "calico" as a `networking` option on Azure and DigitalOcean using Calico's new VXLAN support (similar to flannel). Flannel remains the default on these platforms for now. * Historically, DigitalOcean and Azure only allowed Flannel as the CNI provider, since those platforms don't support IPIP traffic that was previously required for Calico. * Looking forward, its desireable for Calico to become the default across Typhoon clusters, since it provides NetworkPolicy and a consistent experience * No changes to AWS, GCP, or bare-metal where Calico remains the default CNI provider. On these platforms, IPIP mode will always be used, since its available and more performant than vxlan
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Performance
Provision Time
Provisioning times vary based on the operating system and platform. Sampling the time to create (apply) and destroy clusters with 1 controller and 2 workers shows (roughly) what to expect.
| Platform | Apply | Destroy |
|---|---|---|
| AWS | 5 min | 3 min |
| Azure | 10 min | 7 min |
| Bare-Metal | 10-15 min | NA |
| Digital Ocean | 3 min 30 sec | 20 sec |
| Google Cloud | 8 min | 5 min |
Notes:
- SOA TTL and NXDOMAIN caching can have a large impact on provision time
- Platforms with auto-scaling take more time to provision (AWS, Azure, Google)
- Bare-metal POST times and network bandwidth will affect provision times
Network Performance
Network performance varies based on the platform and CNI plugin. iperf was used to measure the bandwidth between different hosts and different pods. Host-to-host shows typical bandwidth between host machines. Pod-to-pod shows the bandwidth between two iperf containers.
| Platform / Plugin | Theory | Host to Host | Pod to Pod |
|---|---|---|---|
| AWS (flannel) | 5 Gb/s | 4.94 Gb/s | 4.89 Gb/s |
| AWS (calico, MTU 1480) | 5 Gb/s | 4.94 Gb/s | 4.42 Gb/s |
| AWS (calico, MTU 8981) | 5 Gb/s | 4.94 Gb/s | 4.90 Gb/s |
| Azure (flannel) | Varies | 749 Mb/s | 650 Mb/s |
| Azure (calico) | Varies | 749 Mb/s | 650 Mb/s |
| Bare-Metal (flannel) | 1 Gb/s | 940 Mb/s | 903 Mb/s |
| Bare-Metal (calico) | 1 Gb/s | 940 Mb/s | 931 Mb/s |
| Digital Ocean (flannel) | Varies | 1.97 Gb/s | 1.20 Gb/s |
| Digital Ocean (calico) | Varies | 1.97 Gb/s | 1.20 Gb/s |
| Google Cloud (flannel) | 2 Gb/s | 1.94 Gb/s | 1.76 Gb/s |
| Google Cloud (calico) | 2 Gb/s | 1.94 Gb/s | 1.81 Gb/s |
Notes:
- Calico and Flannel have comparable performance. Platform and configuration differences dominate.
- Azure and DigitalOcean network performance can be quite variable or depend on machine type
- Only certain AWS EC2 instance types allow jumbo frames. This is why the default MTU on AWS must be 1480.