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https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings.git
synced 2024-11-08 09:09:17 +01:00
Merge branch 'main' into text
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apogeeoak
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1
.gitignore
vendored
1
.gitignore
vendored
@ -7,3 +7,4 @@ exercises/clippy/Cargo.toml
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exercises/clippy/Cargo.lock
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*.iml
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50
CHANGELOG.md
50
CHANGELOG.md
@ -1,3 +1,53 @@
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||||
<a name="4.6.0"></a>
|
||||
## 4.6.0 (2021-09-25)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### Features
|
||||
|
||||
* add advanced_errs2 ([abd6b70c](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/abd6b70c72dc6426752ff41f09160b839e5c449e))
|
||||
* add advanced_errs1 ([882d535b](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/882d535ba8628d5e0b37e8664b3e2f26260b2671))
|
||||
* Add a farewell message when quitting `watch` ([1caef0b4](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/1caef0b43494c8b8cdd6c9260147e70d510f1aca))
|
||||
* add more watch commands ([a7dc080b](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/a7dc080b95e49146fbaafe6922a6de2f8cb1582a), closes [#842](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/issues/842))
|
||||
* **modules:** update exercises, add modules3 (#822) ([dfd2fab4](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/dfd2fab4f33d1bf59e2e5ee03123c0c9a67a9481))
|
||||
* **quiz1:** add default function name in comment (#838) ([0a11bad7](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/0a11bad71402b5403143d642f439f57931278c07))
|
||||
|
||||
#### Bug Fixes
|
||||
|
||||
* Correct small typo in exercises/conversions/from_str.rs ([86cc8529](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/86cc85295ae36948963ae52882e285d7e3e29323))
|
||||
* **cli:** typo in exercise.rs (#848) ([06d5c097](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/06d5c0973a3dffa3c6c6f70acb775d4c6630323c))
|
||||
* **from_str, try_from_into:** custom error types ([2dc93cad](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/2dc93caddad43821743e4903d89b355df58d7a49))
|
||||
* **modules2:** fix typo (#835) ([1c3beb0a](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/1c3beb0a59178c950dc05fe8ee2346b017429ae0))
|
||||
* **move_semantics5:**
|
||||
* change &mut *y to &mut x (#814) ([d75759e8](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/d75759e829fdcd64ef071cf4b6eae2a011a7718b))
|
||||
* Clarify instructions ([df25684c](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/df25684cb79f8413915e00b5efef29369849cef1))
|
||||
* **quiz1:** Fix inconsistent wording (#826) ([03131a3d](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/03131a3d35d9842598150f9da817f7cc26e2669a))
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<a name="4.5.0"></a>
|
||||
## 4.5.0 (2021-07-07)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### Features
|
||||
|
||||
* Add move_semantics5 exercise. (#746) ([399ab328](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/399ab328d8d407265c09563aa4ef4534b2503ff2))
|
||||
* **cli:** Add "next" to run the next unsolved exercise. (#785) ([d20e413a](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/d20e413a68772cd493561f2651cf244e822b7ca5))
|
||||
|
||||
#### Bug Fixes
|
||||
|
||||
* rename result1 to errors4 ([50ab289d](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/50ab289da6b9eb19a7486c341b00048c516b88c0))
|
||||
* move_semantics5 hints ([1b858285](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/1b85828548f46f58b622b5e0c00f8c989f928807))
|
||||
* remove trailing whitespaces from iterators1 ([4d4fa774](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/4d4fa77459392acd3581c6068aa8be9a02de12fc))
|
||||
* add hints to generics1 and generics2 exercises ([31457940](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/31457940846b3844d78d4a4d2b074bc8d6aaf1eb))
|
||||
* remove trailing whitespace ([d9b69bd1](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/d9b69bd1a0a7a99f2c0d80933ad2eea44c8c71b2))
|
||||
* **installation:** first PowerShell command ([aa9a943d](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/aa9a943ddf3ae260782e73c26bcc9db60e5894b6))
|
||||
* **iterators5:** derive Clone, Copy ([91fc9e31](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/91fc9e3118f4af603c9911698cc2a234725cb032))
|
||||
* **quiz1:** Updated question description (#794) ([d8766496](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/d876649616cc8a8dd5f539f8bc1a5434b960b1e9))
|
||||
* **try_from_into, from_str:** hints for dyn Error ([11d2cf0d](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/11d2cf0d604dee3f5023c17802d69438e69fa50e))
|
||||
* **variables5:** confine the answer further ([48ffcbd2](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/48ffcbd2c4cc4d936c2c7480019190f179813cc5))
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<a name="4.4.0"></a>
|
||||
## 4.4.0 (2021-04-24)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
116
Cargo.lock
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116
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|
||||
@ -218,18 +220,18 @@ checksum = "9b919933a397b79c37e33b77bb2aa3dc8eb6e165ad809e58ff75bc7db2e34574"
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "heck"
|
||||
version = "0.3.2"
|
||||
version = "0.3.3"
|
||||
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
|
||||
checksum = "87cbf45460356b7deeb5e3415b5563308c0a9b057c85e12b06ad551f98d0a6ac"
|
||||
checksum = "6d621efb26863f0e9924c6ac577e8275e5e6b77455db64ffa6c65c904e9e132c"
|
||||
dependencies = [
|
||||
"unicode-segmentation",
|
||||
]
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "hermit-abi"
|
||||
version = "0.1.18"
|
||||
version = "0.1.19"
|
||||
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
|
||||
checksum = "322f4de77956e22ed0e5032c359a0f1273f1f7f0d79bfa3b8ffbc730d7fbcc5c"
|
||||
checksum = "62b467343b94ba476dcb2500d242dadbb39557df889310ac77c5d99100aaac33"
|
||||
dependencies = [
|
||||
"libc",
|
||||
]
|
||||
@ -269,9 +271,9 @@ dependencies = [
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "instant"
|
||||
version = "0.1.9"
|
||||
version = "0.1.10"
|
||||
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
|
||||
checksum = "61124eeebbd69b8190558df225adf7e4caafce0d743919e5d6b19652314ec5ec"
|
||||
checksum = "bee0328b1209d157ef001c94dd85b4f8f64139adb0eac2659f4b08382b2f474d"
|
||||
dependencies = [
|
||||
"cfg-if 1.0.0",
|
||||
]
|
||||
@ -287,9 +289,9 @@ dependencies = [
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "itoa"
|
||||
version = "0.4.7"
|
||||
version = "0.4.8"
|
||||
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
|
||||
checksum = "dd25036021b0de88a0aff6b850051563c6516d0bf53f8638938edbb9de732736"
|
||||
checksum = "b71991ff56294aa922b450139ee08b3bfc70982c6b2c7562771375cf73542dd4"
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "kernel32-sys"
|
||||
@ -315,15 +317,15 @@ checksum = "830d08ce1d1d941e6b30645f1a0eb5643013d835ce3779a5fc208261dbe10f55"
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "libc"
|
||||
version = "0.2.93"
|
||||
version = "0.2.100"
|
||||
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
|
||||
checksum = "9385f66bf6105b241aa65a61cb923ef20efc665cb9f9bb50ac2f0c4b7f378d41"
|
||||
checksum = "a1fa8cddc8fbbee11227ef194b5317ed014b8acbf15139bd716a18ad3fe99ec5"
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "lock_api"
|
||||
version = "0.4.3"
|
||||
version = "0.4.4"
|
||||
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
|
||||
checksum = "5a3c91c24eae6777794bb1997ad98bbb87daf92890acab859f7eaa4320333176"
|
||||
checksum = "0382880606dff6d15c9476c416d18690b72742aa7b605bb6dd6ec9030fbf07eb"
|
||||
dependencies = [
|
||||
"scopeguard",
|
||||
]
|
||||
@ -339,9 +341,9 @@ dependencies = [
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "memchr"
|
||||
version = "2.3.4"
|
||||
version = "2.4.1"
|
||||
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
|
||||
checksum = "0ee1c47aaa256ecabcaea351eae4a9b01ef39ed810004e298d2511ed284b1525"
|
||||
checksum = "308cc39be01b73d0d18f82a0e7b2a3df85245f84af96fdddc5d202d27e47b86a"
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "mio"
|
||||
@ -405,9 +407,9 @@ checksum = "61807f77802ff30975e01f4f071c8ba10c022052f98b3294119f3e615d13e5be"
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "notify"
|
||||
version = "4.0.16"
|
||||
version = "4.0.17"
|
||||
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
|
||||
checksum = "2599080e87c9bd051ddb11b10074f4da7b1223298df65d4c2ec5bcf309af1533"
|
||||
checksum = "ae03c8c853dba7bfd23e571ff0cff7bc9dceb40a4cd684cd1681824183f45257"
|
||||
dependencies = [
|
||||
"bitflags",
|
||||
"filetime",
|
||||
@ -466,9 +468,9 @@ dependencies = [
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "predicates"
|
||||
version = "1.0.7"
|
||||
version = "1.0.8"
|
||||
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
|
||||
checksum = "eeb433456c1a57cc93554dea3ce40b4c19c4057e41c55d4a0f3d84ea71c325aa"
|
||||
checksum = "f49cfaf7fdaa3bfacc6fa3e7054e65148878354a5cfddcf661df4c851f8021df"
|
||||
dependencies = [
|
||||
"difference",
|
||||
"float-cmp",
|
||||
@ -485,9 +487,9 @@ checksum = "57e35a3326b75e49aa85f5dc6ec15b41108cf5aee58eabb1f274dd18b73c2451"
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "predicates-tree"
|
||||
version = "1.0.2"
|
||||
version = "1.0.3"
|
||||
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
|
||||
checksum = "15f553275e5721409451eb85e15fd9a860a6e5ab4496eb215987502b5f5391f2"
|
||||
checksum = "d7dd0fd014130206c9352efbdc92be592751b2b9274dff685348341082c6ea3d"
|
||||
dependencies = [
|
||||
"predicates-core",
|
||||
"treeline",
|
||||
@ -495,9 +497,9 @@ dependencies = [
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "proc-macro2"
|
||||
version = "1.0.26"
|
||||
version = "1.0.28"
|
||||
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
|
||||
checksum = "a152013215dca273577e18d2bf00fa862b89b24169fb78c4c95aeb07992c9cec"
|
||||
checksum = "5c7ed8b8c7b886ea3ed7dde405212185f423ab44682667c8c6dd14aa1d9f6612"
|
||||
dependencies = [
|
||||
"unicode-xid",
|
||||
]
|
||||
@ -513,18 +515,18 @@ dependencies = [
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "redox_syscall"
|
||||
version = "0.2.6"
|
||||
version = "0.2.10"
|
||||
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
|
||||
checksum = "8270314b5ccceb518e7e578952f0b72b88222d02e8f77f5ecf7abbb673539041"
|
||||
checksum = "8383f39639269cde97d255a32bdb68c047337295414940c68bdd30c2e13203ff"
|
||||
dependencies = [
|
||||
"bitflags",
|
||||
]
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "regex"
|
||||
version = "1.4.6"
|
||||
version = "1.5.4"
|
||||
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
|
||||
checksum = "2a26af418b574bd56588335b3a3659a65725d4e636eb1016c2f9e3b38c7cc759"
|
||||
checksum = "d07a8629359eb56f1e2fb1652bb04212c072a87ba68546a04065d525673ac461"
|
||||
dependencies = [
|
||||
"aho-corasick",
|
||||
"memchr",
|
||||
@ -533,13 +535,13 @@ dependencies = [
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "regex-syntax"
|
||||
version = "0.6.23"
|
||||
version = "0.6.25"
|
||||
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
|
||||
checksum = "24d5f089152e60f62d28b835fbff2cd2e8dc0baf1ac13343bef92ab7eed84548"
|
||||
checksum = "f497285884f3fcff424ffc933e56d7cbca511def0c9831a7f9b5f6153e3cc89b"
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "rustlings"
|
||||
version = "4.4.0"
|
||||
version = "4.6.0"
|
||||
dependencies = [
|
||||
"argh",
|
||||
"assert_cmd",
|
||||
@ -576,18 +578,18 @@ checksum = "d29ab0c6d3fc0ee92fe66e2d99f700eab17a8d57d1c1d3b748380fb20baa78cd"
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "serde"
|
||||
version = "1.0.125"
|
||||
version = "1.0.129"
|
||||
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
|
||||
checksum = "558dc50e1a5a5fa7112ca2ce4effcb321b0300c0d4ccf0776a9f60cd89031171"
|
||||
checksum = "d1f72836d2aa753853178eda473a3b9d8e4eefdaf20523b919677e6de489f8f1"
|
||||
dependencies = [
|
||||
"serde_derive",
|
||||
]
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "serde_derive"
|
||||
version = "1.0.125"
|
||||
version = "1.0.129"
|
||||
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
|
||||
checksum = "b093b7a2bb58203b5da3056c05b4ec1fed827dcfdb37347a8841695263b3d06d"
|
||||
checksum = "e57ae87ad533d9a56427558b516d0adac283614e347abf85b0dc0cbbf0a249f3"
|
||||
dependencies = [
|
||||
"proc-macro2",
|
||||
"quote",
|
||||
@ -596,9 +598,9 @@ dependencies = [
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "serde_json"
|
||||
version = "1.0.64"
|
||||
version = "1.0.66"
|
||||
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
|
||||
checksum = "799e97dc9fdae36a5c8b8f2cae9ce2ee9fdce2058c57a93e6099d919fd982f79"
|
||||
checksum = "336b10da19a12ad094b59d870ebde26a45402e5b470add4b5fd03c5048a32127"
|
||||
dependencies = [
|
||||
"itoa",
|
||||
"ryu",
|
||||
@ -607,9 +609,9 @@ dependencies = [
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "slab"
|
||||
version = "0.4.3"
|
||||
version = "0.4.4"
|
||||
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
|
||||
checksum = "f173ac3d1a7e3b28003f40de0b5ce7fe2710f9b9dc3fc38664cebee46b3b6527"
|
||||
checksum = "c307a32c1c5c437f38c7fd45d753050587732ba8628319fbdf12a7e289ccc590"
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "smallvec"
|
||||
@ -619,9 +621,9 @@ checksum = "fe0f37c9e8f3c5a4a66ad655a93c74daac4ad00c441533bf5c6e7990bb42604e"
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "syn"
|
||||
version = "1.0.70"
|
||||
version = "1.0.75"
|
||||
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
|
||||
checksum = "b9505f307c872bab8eb46f77ae357c8eba1fdacead58ee5a850116b1d7f82883"
|
||||
checksum = "b7f58f7e8eaa0009c5fec437aabf511bd9933e4b2d7407bd05273c01a8906ea7"
|
||||
dependencies = [
|
||||
"proc-macro2",
|
||||
"quote",
|
||||
@ -630,9 +632,9 @@ dependencies = [
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "terminal_size"
|
||||
version = "0.1.16"
|
||||
version = "0.1.17"
|
||||
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
|
||||
checksum = "86ca8ced750734db02076f44132d802af0b33b09942331f4459dde8636fd2406"
|
||||
checksum = "633c1a546cee861a1a6d0dc69ebeca693bf4296661ba7852b9d21d159e0506df"
|
||||
dependencies = [
|
||||
"libc",
|
||||
"winapi 0.3.9",
|
||||
@ -664,9 +666,9 @@ checksum = "a7f741b240f1a48843f9b8e0444fb55fb2a4ff67293b50a9179dfd5ea67f8d41"
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "unicode-segmentation"
|
||||
version = "1.7.1"
|
||||
version = "1.8.0"
|
||||
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
|
||||
checksum = "bb0d2e7be6ae3a5fa87eed5fb451aff96f2573d2694942e40543ae0bbe19c796"
|
||||
checksum = "8895849a949e7845e06bd6dc1aa51731a103c42707010a5b591c0038fb73385b"
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "unicode-width"
|
||||
@ -676,9 +678,9 @@ checksum = "9337591893a19b88d8d87f2cec1e73fad5cdfd10e5a6f349f498ad6ea2ffb1e3"
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "unicode-xid"
|
||||
version = "0.2.1"
|
||||
version = "0.2.2"
|
||||
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
|
||||
checksum = "f7fe0bb3479651439c9112f72b6c505038574c9fbb575ed1bf3b797fa39dd564"
|
||||
checksum = "8ccb82d61f80a663efe1f787a51b16b5a51e3314d6ac365b08639f52387b33f3"
|
||||
|
||||
[[package]]
|
||||
name = "walkdir"
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
|
||||
[package]
|
||||
name = "rustlings"
|
||||
version = "4.4.0"
|
||||
authors = ["Marisa <mokou@posteo.de>", "Carol (Nichols || Goulding) <carol.nichols@gmail.com>"]
|
||||
edition = "2018"
|
||||
version = "4.6.0"
|
||||
authors = ["anastasie <ana@ana.st>", "Carol (Nichols || Goulding) <carol.nichols@gmail.com>"]
|
||||
edition = "2021"
|
||||
|
||||
[dependencies]
|
||||
argh = "0.1.4"
|
||||
|
||||
56
README.md
56
README.md
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
||||
<!-- ALL-CONTRIBUTORS-BADGE:START - Do not remove or modify this section -->
|
||||
[](#contributors-)
|
||||
[](#contributors-)
|
||||
<!-- ALL-CONTRIBUTORS-BADGE:END -->
|
||||
|
||||
# rustlings 🦀❤️
|
||||
@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ Alternatively, for a first-time Rust learner, there are several other resources:
|
||||
## Getting Started
|
||||
|
||||
_Note: If you're on MacOS, make sure you've installed Xcode and its developer tools by typing `xcode-select --install`._
|
||||
_Note: If you're on Linux, make sure you've installed gcc. Deb: `sudo apt install gcc`. Yum: `sudo yum -y install gcc`._
|
||||
|
||||
You will need to have Rust installed. You can get it by visiting https://rustup.rs. This'll also install Cargo, Rust's package/project manager.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ This will install Rustlings and give you access to the `rustlings` command. Run
|
||||
In PowerShell (Run as Administrator), set `ExecutionPolicy` to `RemoteSigned`:
|
||||
|
||||
```ps
|
||||
Set-ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned
|
||||
Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -Scope CurrentUser
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Then, you can run:
|
||||
@ -57,12 +58,12 @@ When you get a permission denied message then you have to exclude the directory
|
||||
|
||||
## Manually
|
||||
|
||||
Basically: Clone the repository, checkout to the latest tag, run `cargo install`.
|
||||
Basically: Clone the repository at the latest tag, run `cargo install`.
|
||||
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
git clone https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings
|
||||
# find out the latest version at https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/releases/latest (on edit 4.6.0)
|
||||
git clone -b 4.6.0 --depth 1 https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings
|
||||
cd rustlings
|
||||
git checkout tags/4.4.0 # or whatever the latest version is (find out at https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/releases/latest)
|
||||
cargo install --force --path .
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
@ -97,6 +98,12 @@ In case you want to go by your own order, or want to only verify a single exerci
|
||||
rustlings run myExercise1
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Or simply use the following command to run the next unsolved exercise in the course:
|
||||
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
rustlings run next
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
In case you get stuck, you can run the following command to get a hint for your
|
||||
exercise:
|
||||
|
||||
@ -104,6 +111,12 @@ exercise:
|
||||
rustlings hint myExercise1
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
You can also get the hint for the next unsolved exercise with the following command:
|
||||
|
||||
``` bash
|
||||
rustlings hint next
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
To check your progress, you can run the following command:
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
rustlings list
|
||||
@ -279,6 +292,39 @@ Thanks goes to these wonderful people ([emoji key](https://allcontributors.org/d
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/hongshaoyang"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/19281800?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Shao Yang Hong</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#content-hongshaoyang" title="Content">🖋</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/bmacer"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/13931806?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Brandon Macer</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#content-bmacer" title="Content">🖋</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/stoiandan"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/10388612?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Stoian Dan</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#content-stoiandan" title="Content">🖋</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://about.me/pjdelport"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/630271?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Pi Delport</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#content-PiDelport" title="Content">🖋</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/sateeshkumarb"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/429263?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Sateesh </b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commits?author=sateeshkumarb" title="Code">💻</a> <a href="#content-sateeshkumarb" title="Content">🖋</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/kayuapi"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/10304328?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>ZC</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#content-kayuapi" title="Content">🖋</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/hyperparabolic"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/12348474?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>hyperparabolic</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commits?author=hyperparabolic" title="Code">💻</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://www.net4visions.at"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/5228369?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>arlecchino</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commits?author=kolbma" title="Documentation">📖</a></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://richthofen.io/"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/7576730?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Richthofen</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commits?author=jazzplato" title="Code">💻</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/cseltol"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/64264529?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Ivan Nerazumov</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commits?author=cseltol" title="Documentation">📖</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/lauralindzey"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/65185744?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>lauralindzey</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commits?author=lauralindzey" title="Documentation">📖</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/sinharaksh1t"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/28585848?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Rakshit Sinha</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#content-sinharaksh1t" title="Content">🖋</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/dbednar230"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/54457902?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Damian</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#content-dbednar230" title="Content">🖋</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://benarmstead.co.uk"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/70973680?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Ben Armstead</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commits?author=benarmstead" title="Code">💻</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/anuk909"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/34924662?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>anuk909</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#content-anuk909" title="Content">🖋</a> <a href="https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commits?author=anuk909" title="Code">💻</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://granddaifuku.com/"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/49578068?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>granddaifuku</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#content-granddaifuku" title="Content">🖋</a></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://weilet.me"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/32561597?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Weilet</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#content-Weilet" title="Content">🖋</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/Millione"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/38575932?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>LIU JIE</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#content-Millione" title="Content">🖋</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/abusch"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/506344?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Antoine Büsch</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commits?author=abusch" title="Code">💻</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://frogtd.com/"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/31412003?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>frogtd</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#content-frogtd" title="Content">🖋</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/EmisonLu"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/54395432?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Zhenghao Lu</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#content-EmisonLu" title="Content">🖋</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://soundtrackyourbrand.com"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/762956?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Fredrik Enestad</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#content-fredr" title="Content">🖋</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="http://xuesong.pydevops.com"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/18476085?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>xuesong</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#content-xuesongbj" title="Content">🖋</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/MpdWalsh"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/48160144?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Michael Walsh</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commits?author=MpdWalsh" title="Code">💻</a></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/alirezaghey"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/26653424?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>alirezaghey</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#content-alirezaghey" title="Content">🖋</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/frvannes16"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/3188475?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Franklin van Nes</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commits?author=frvannes16" title="Code">💻</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://nekonako.github.io"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/46141275?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>nekonako</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commits?author=nekonako" title="Code">💻</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/tan-zx"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/67887489?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>ZX</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#content-tan-zx" title="Content">🖋</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/sundevilyang"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/1499214?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Yang Wen</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#content-sundevilyang" title="Content">🖋</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="https://brandon-high.com"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/759848?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Brandon High</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commits?author=highb" title="Documentation">📖</a></td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@ -9,8 +9,8 @@
|
||||
| primitive_types | §4.3 |
|
||||
| structs | §5.1 |
|
||||
| enums | §6 |
|
||||
| modules | §7.2 |
|
||||
| collections | §8.1 |
|
||||
| modules | §7 |
|
||||
| collections | §8.1, §8.3 |
|
||||
| strings | §8.2 |
|
||||
| error_handling | §9 |
|
||||
| generics | §10 |
|
||||
|
||||
98
exercises/advanced_errors/advanced_errs1.rs
Normal file
98
exercises/advanced_errors/advanced_errs1.rs
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
|
||||
// advanced_errs1.rs
|
||||
|
||||
// Remember back in errors6, we had multiple mapping functions so that we
|
||||
// could translate lower-level errors into our custom error type using
|
||||
// `map_err()`? What if we could use the `?` operator directly instead?
|
||||
|
||||
// Make this code compile! Execute `rustlings hint advanced_errs1` for
|
||||
// hints :)
|
||||
|
||||
// I AM NOT DONE
|
||||
|
||||
use std::num::ParseIntError;
|
||||
use std::str::FromStr;
|
||||
|
||||
// This is a custom error type that we will be using in the `FromStr`
|
||||
// implementation.
|
||||
#[derive(PartialEq, Debug)]
|
||||
enum ParsePosNonzeroError {
|
||||
Creation(CreationError),
|
||||
ParseInt(ParseIntError),
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
impl From<CreationError> for ParsePosNonzeroError {
|
||||
fn from(e: CreationError) -> Self {
|
||||
// TODO: complete this implementation so that the `?` operator will
|
||||
// work for `CreationError`
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// TODO: implement another instance of the `From` trait here so that the
|
||||
// `?` operator will work in the other place in the `FromStr`
|
||||
// implementation below.
|
||||
|
||||
// Don't change anything below this line.
|
||||
|
||||
impl FromStr for PositiveNonzeroInteger {
|
||||
type Err = ParsePosNonzeroError;
|
||||
fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<PositiveNonzeroInteger, Self::Err> {
|
||||
let x: i64 = s.parse()?;
|
||||
Ok(PositiveNonzeroInteger::new(x)?)
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[derive(PartialEq, Debug)]
|
||||
struct PositiveNonzeroInteger(u64);
|
||||
|
||||
#[derive(PartialEq, Debug)]
|
||||
enum CreationError {
|
||||
Negative,
|
||||
Zero,
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
impl PositiveNonzeroInteger {
|
||||
fn new(value: i64) -> Result<PositiveNonzeroInteger, CreationError> {
|
||||
match value {
|
||||
x if x < 0 => Err(CreationError::Negative),
|
||||
x if x == 0 => Err(CreationError::Zero),
|
||||
x => Ok(PositiveNonzeroInteger(x as u64)),
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[cfg(test)]
|
||||
mod test {
|
||||
use super::*;
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_parse_error() {
|
||||
// We can't construct a ParseIntError, so we have to pattern match.
|
||||
assert!(matches!(
|
||||
PositiveNonzeroInteger::from_str("not a number"),
|
||||
Err(ParsePosNonzeroError::ParseInt(_))
|
||||
));
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_negative() {
|
||||
assert_eq!(
|
||||
PositiveNonzeroInteger::from_str("-555"),
|
||||
Err(ParsePosNonzeroError::Creation(CreationError::Negative))
|
||||
);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_zero() {
|
||||
assert_eq!(
|
||||
PositiveNonzeroInteger::from_str("0"),
|
||||
Err(ParsePosNonzeroError::Creation(CreationError::Zero))
|
||||
);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_positive() {
|
||||
let x = PositiveNonzeroInteger::new(42);
|
||||
assert!(x.is_ok());
|
||||
assert_eq!(PositiveNonzeroInteger::from_str("42"), Ok(x.unwrap()));
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
202
exercises/advanced_errors/advanced_errs2.rs
Normal file
202
exercises/advanced_errors/advanced_errs2.rs
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
|
||||
// advanced_errs2.rs
|
||||
|
||||
// This exercise demonstrates a few traits that are useful for custom error
|
||||
// types to implement, especially so that other code can consume the custom
|
||||
// error type more usefully.
|
||||
|
||||
// Make this compile, and make the tests pass!
|
||||
// Execute `rustlings hint advanced_errs2` for hints.
|
||||
|
||||
// Steps:
|
||||
// 1. Implement a missing trait so that `main()` will compile.
|
||||
// 2. Complete the partial implementation of `From` for
|
||||
// `ParseClimateError`.
|
||||
// 3. Handle the missing error cases in the `FromStr` implementation for
|
||||
// `Climate`.
|
||||
// 4. Complete the partial implementation of `Display` for
|
||||
// `ParseClimateError`.
|
||||
|
||||
// I AM NOT DONE
|
||||
|
||||
use std::error::Error;
|
||||
use std::fmt::{self, Display, Formatter};
|
||||
use std::num::{ParseFloatError, ParseIntError};
|
||||
use std::str::FromStr;
|
||||
|
||||
// This is the custom error type that we will be using for the parser for
|
||||
// `Climate`.
|
||||
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
|
||||
enum ParseClimateError {
|
||||
Empty,
|
||||
BadLen,
|
||||
NoCity,
|
||||
ParseInt(ParseIntError),
|
||||
ParseFloat(ParseFloatError),
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// This `From` implementation allows the `?` operator to work on
|
||||
// `ParseIntError` values.
|
||||
impl From<ParseIntError> for ParseClimateError {
|
||||
fn from(e: ParseIntError) -> Self {
|
||||
Self::ParseInt(e)
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// This `From` implementation allows the `?` operator to work on
|
||||
// `ParseFloatError` values.
|
||||
impl From<ParseFloatError> for ParseClimateError {
|
||||
fn from(e: ParseFloatError) -> Self {
|
||||
// TODO: Complete this function
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// TODO: Implement a missing trait so that `main()` below will compile. It
|
||||
// is not necessary to implement any methods inside the missing trait.
|
||||
|
||||
// The `Display` trait allows for other code to obtain the error formatted
|
||||
// as a user-visible string.
|
||||
impl Display for ParseClimateError {
|
||||
// TODO: Complete this function so that it produces the correct strings
|
||||
// for each error variant.
|
||||
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
|
||||
// Imports the variants to make the following code more compact.
|
||||
use ParseClimateError::*;
|
||||
match self {
|
||||
NoCity => write!(f, "no city name"),
|
||||
ParseFloat(e) => write!(f, "error parsing temperature: {}", e),
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
|
||||
struct Climate {
|
||||
city: String,
|
||||
year: u32,
|
||||
temp: f32,
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Parser for `Climate`.
|
||||
// 1. Split the input string into 3 fields: city, year, temp.
|
||||
// 2. Return an error if the string is empty or has the wrong number of
|
||||
// fields.
|
||||
// 3. Return an error if the city name is empty.
|
||||
// 4. Parse the year as a `u32` and return an error if that fails.
|
||||
// 5. Parse the temp as a `f32` and return an error if that fails.
|
||||
// 6. Return an `Ok` value containing the completed `Climate` value.
|
||||
impl FromStr for Climate {
|
||||
type Err = ParseClimateError;
|
||||
// TODO: Complete this function by making it handle the missing error
|
||||
// cases.
|
||||
fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
|
||||
let v: Vec<_> = s.split(',').collect();
|
||||
let (city, year, temp) = match &v[..] {
|
||||
[city, year, temp] => (city.to_string(), year, temp),
|
||||
_ => return Err(ParseClimateError::BadLen),
|
||||
};
|
||||
let year: u32 = year.parse()?;
|
||||
let temp: f32 = temp.parse()?;
|
||||
Ok(Climate { city, year, temp })
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Don't change anything below this line (other than to enable ignored
|
||||
// tests).
|
||||
|
||||
fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
|
||||
println!("{:?}", "Hong Kong,1999,25.7".parse::<Climate>()?);
|
||||
println!("{:?}", "".parse::<Climate>()?);
|
||||
Ok(())
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[cfg(test)]
|
||||
mod test {
|
||||
use super::*;
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_empty() {
|
||||
let res = "".parse::<Climate>();
|
||||
assert_eq!(res, Err(ParseClimateError::Empty));
|
||||
assert_eq!(res.unwrap_err().to_string(), "empty input");
|
||||
}
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_short() {
|
||||
let res = "Boston,1991".parse::<Climate>();
|
||||
assert_eq!(res, Err(ParseClimateError::BadLen));
|
||||
assert_eq!(res.unwrap_err().to_string(), "incorrect number of fields");
|
||||
}
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_long() {
|
||||
let res = "Paris,1920,17.2,extra".parse::<Climate>();
|
||||
assert_eq!(res, Err(ParseClimateError::BadLen));
|
||||
assert_eq!(res.unwrap_err().to_string(), "incorrect number of fields");
|
||||
}
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_no_city() {
|
||||
let res = ",1997,20.5".parse::<Climate>();
|
||||
assert_eq!(res, Err(ParseClimateError::NoCity));
|
||||
assert_eq!(res.unwrap_err().to_string(), "no city name");
|
||||
}
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_parse_int_neg() {
|
||||
let res = "Barcelona,-25,22.3".parse::<Climate>();
|
||||
assert!(matches!(res, Err(ParseClimateError::ParseInt(_))));
|
||||
let err = res.unwrap_err();
|
||||
if let ParseClimateError::ParseInt(ref inner) = err {
|
||||
assert_eq!(
|
||||
err.to_string(),
|
||||
format!("error parsing year: {}", inner.to_string())
|
||||
);
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
unreachable!();
|
||||
};
|
||||
}
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_parse_int_bad() {
|
||||
let res = "Beijing,foo,15.0".parse::<Climate>();
|
||||
assert!(matches!(res, Err(ParseClimateError::ParseInt(_))));
|
||||
let err = res.unwrap_err();
|
||||
if let ParseClimateError::ParseInt(ref inner) = err {
|
||||
assert_eq!(
|
||||
err.to_string(),
|
||||
format!("error parsing year: {}", inner.to_string())
|
||||
);
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
unreachable!();
|
||||
};
|
||||
}
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_parse_float() {
|
||||
let res = "Manila,2001,bar".parse::<Climate>();
|
||||
assert!(matches!(res, Err(ParseClimateError::ParseFloat(_))));
|
||||
let err = res.unwrap_err();
|
||||
if let ParseClimateError::ParseFloat(ref inner) = err {
|
||||
assert_eq!(
|
||||
err.to_string(),
|
||||
format!("error parsing temperature: {}", inner.to_string())
|
||||
);
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
unreachable!();
|
||||
};
|
||||
}
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_parse_good() {
|
||||
let res = "Munich,2015,23.1".parse::<Climate>();
|
||||
assert_eq!(
|
||||
res,
|
||||
Ok(Climate {
|
||||
city: "Munich".to_string(),
|
||||
year: 2015,
|
||||
temp: 23.1,
|
||||
})
|
||||
);
|
||||
}
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
#[ignore]
|
||||
fn test_downcast() {
|
||||
let res = "São Paulo,-21,28.5".parse::<Climate>();
|
||||
assert!(matches!(res, Err(ParseClimateError::ParseInt(_))));
|
||||
let err = res.unwrap_err();
|
||||
let inner: Option<&(dyn Error + 'static)> = err.source();
|
||||
assert!(inner.is_some());
|
||||
assert!(inner.unwrap().is::<ParseIntError>());
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
@ -8,10 +8,16 @@
|
||||
|
||||
// I AM NOT DONE
|
||||
|
||||
use std::f32;
|
||||
|
||||
fn main() {
|
||||
let x = 1.2331f64;
|
||||
let y = 1.2332f64;
|
||||
if y != x {
|
||||
println!("Success!");
|
||||
}
|
||||
let pi = 3.14f32;
|
||||
let radius = 5.00f32;
|
||||
|
||||
let area = pi * f32::powi(radius, 2);
|
||||
|
||||
println!(
|
||||
"The area of a circle with radius {:.2} is {:.5}!",
|
||||
radius, area
|
||||
)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@ -20,3 +20,4 @@ structures that are used very often in Rust programs:
|
||||
## Further information
|
||||
|
||||
- [Storing Lists of Values with Vectors](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/book/ch08-01-vectors.html)
|
||||
- [Storing Keys with Associated Values in Hash Maps](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch08-03-hash-maps.html)
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,16 +1,31 @@
|
||||
// This does practically the same thing that TryFrom<&str> does.
|
||||
// from_str.rs
|
||||
// This is similar to from_into.rs, but this time we'll implement `FromStr`
|
||||
// and return errors instead of falling back to a default value.
|
||||
// Additionally, upon implementing FromStr, you can use the `parse` method
|
||||
// on strings to generate an object of the implementor type.
|
||||
// You can read more about it at https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/str/trait.FromStr.html
|
||||
use std::error;
|
||||
use std::num::ParseIntError;
|
||||
use std::str::FromStr;
|
||||
|
||||
#[derive(Debug)]
|
||||
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
|
||||
struct Person {
|
||||
name: String,
|
||||
age: usize,
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// We will use this error type for the `FromStr` implementation.
|
||||
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
|
||||
enum ParsePersonError {
|
||||
// Empty input string
|
||||
Empty,
|
||||
// Incorrect number of fields
|
||||
BadLen,
|
||||
// Empty name field
|
||||
NoName,
|
||||
// Wrapped error from parse::<usize>()
|
||||
ParseInt(ParseIntError),
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// I AM NOT DONE
|
||||
|
||||
// Steps:
|
||||
@ -20,11 +35,11 @@ struct Person {
|
||||
// 4. Extract the first element from the split operation and use it as the name
|
||||
// 5. Extract the other element from the split operation and parse it into a `usize` as the age
|
||||
// with something like `"4".parse::<usize>()`
|
||||
// 5. If while extracting the name and the age something goes wrong, an error should be returned
|
||||
// 6. If while extracting the name and the age something goes wrong, an error should be returned
|
||||
// If everything goes well, then return a Result of a Person object
|
||||
|
||||
impl FromStr for Person {
|
||||
type Err = Box<dyn error::Error>;
|
||||
type Err = ParsePersonError;
|
||||
fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Person, Self::Err> {
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
@ -40,7 +55,7 @@ mod tests {
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn empty_input() {
|
||||
assert!("".parse::<Person>().is_err());
|
||||
assert_eq!("".parse::<Person>(), Err(ParsePersonError::Empty));
|
||||
}
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn good_input() {
|
||||
@ -52,41 +67,56 @@ mod tests {
|
||||
}
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn missing_age() {
|
||||
assert!("John,".parse::<Person>().is_err());
|
||||
assert!(matches!(
|
||||
"John,".parse::<Person>(),
|
||||
Err(ParsePersonError::ParseInt(_))
|
||||
));
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn invalid_age() {
|
||||
assert!("John,twenty".parse::<Person>().is_err());
|
||||
assert!(matches!(
|
||||
"John,twenty".parse::<Person>(),
|
||||
Err(ParsePersonError::ParseInt(_))
|
||||
));
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn missing_comma_and_age() {
|
||||
assert!("John".parse::<Person>().is_err());
|
||||
assert_eq!("John".parse::<Person>(), Err(ParsePersonError::BadLen));
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn missing_name() {
|
||||
assert!(",1".parse::<Person>().is_err());
|
||||
assert_eq!(",1".parse::<Person>(), Err(ParsePersonError::NoName));
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn missing_name_and_age() {
|
||||
assert!(",".parse::<Person>().is_err());
|
||||
assert!(matches!(
|
||||
",".parse::<Person>(),
|
||||
Err(ParsePersonError::NoName | ParsePersonError::ParseInt(_))
|
||||
));
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn missing_name_and_invalid_age() {
|
||||
assert!(",one".parse::<Person>().is_err());
|
||||
assert!(matches!(
|
||||
",one".parse::<Person>(),
|
||||
Err(ParsePersonError::NoName | ParsePersonError::ParseInt(_))
|
||||
));
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn trailing_comma() {
|
||||
assert!("John,32,".parse::<Person>().is_err());
|
||||
assert_eq!("John,32,".parse::<Person>(), Err(ParsePersonError::BadLen));
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn trailing_comma_and_some_string() {
|
||||
assert!("John,32,man".parse::<Person>().is_err());
|
||||
assert_eq!(
|
||||
"John,32,man".parse::<Person>(),
|
||||
Err(ParsePersonError::BadLen)
|
||||
);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
|
||||
// try_from_into.rs
|
||||
// TryFrom is a simple and safe type conversion that may fail in a controlled way under some circumstances.
|
||||
// Basically, this is the same as From. The main difference is that this should return a Result type
|
||||
// instead of the target type itself.
|
||||
// You can read more about it at https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.TryFrom.html
|
||||
use std::convert::{TryFrom, TryInto};
|
||||
use std::error;
|
||||
|
||||
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
|
||||
struct Color {
|
||||
@ -12,12 +12,21 @@ struct Color {
|
||||
blue: u8,
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// We will use this error type for these `TryFrom` conversions.
|
||||
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
|
||||
enum IntoColorError {
|
||||
// Incorrect length of slice
|
||||
BadLen,
|
||||
// Integer conversion error
|
||||
IntConversion,
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// I AM NOT DONE
|
||||
|
||||
// Your task is to complete this implementation
|
||||
// and return an Ok result of inner type Color.
|
||||
// You need to create an implementation for a tuple of three integers,
|
||||
// an array of three integers and a slice of integers.
|
||||
// an array of three integers, and a slice of integers.
|
||||
//
|
||||
// Note that the implementation for tuple and array will be checked at compile time,
|
||||
// but the slice implementation needs to check the slice length!
|
||||
@ -25,20 +34,23 @@ struct Color {
|
||||
|
||||
// Tuple implementation
|
||||
impl TryFrom<(i16, i16, i16)> for Color {
|
||||
type Error = Box<dyn error::Error>;
|
||||
fn try_from(tuple: (i16, i16, i16)) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {}
|
||||
type Error = IntoColorError;
|
||||
fn try_from(tuple: (i16, i16, i16)) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Array implementation
|
||||
impl TryFrom<[i16; 3]> for Color {
|
||||
type Error = Box<dyn error::Error>;
|
||||
fn try_from(arr: [i16; 3]) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {}
|
||||
type Error = IntoColorError;
|
||||
fn try_from(arr: [i16; 3]) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Slice implementation
|
||||
impl TryFrom<&[i16]> for Color {
|
||||
type Error = Box<dyn error::Error>;
|
||||
fn try_from(slice: &[i16]) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {}
|
||||
type Error = IntoColorError;
|
||||
fn try_from(slice: &[i16]) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn main() {
|
||||
@ -46,15 +58,15 @@ fn main() {
|
||||
let c1 = Color::try_from((183, 65, 14));
|
||||
println!("{:?}", c1);
|
||||
|
||||
// Since From is implemented for Color, we should be able to use Into
|
||||
// Since TryFrom is implemented for Color, we should be able to use TryInto
|
||||
let c2: Result<Color, _> = [183, 65, 14].try_into();
|
||||
println!("{:?}", c2);
|
||||
|
||||
let v = vec![183, 65, 14];
|
||||
// With slice we should use `from` function
|
||||
// With slice we should use `try_from` function
|
||||
let c3 = Color::try_from(&v[..]);
|
||||
println!("{:?}", c3);
|
||||
// or take slice within round brackets and use Into
|
||||
// or take slice within round brackets and use TryInto
|
||||
let c4: Result<Color, _> = (&v[..]).try_into();
|
||||
println!("{:?}", c4);
|
||||
}
|
||||
@ -65,15 +77,24 @@ mod tests {
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_tuple_out_of_range_positive() {
|
||||
assert!(Color::try_from((256, 1000, 10000)).is_err());
|
||||
assert_eq!(
|
||||
Color::try_from((256, 1000, 10000)),
|
||||
Err(IntoColorError::IntConversion)
|
||||
);
|
||||
}
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_tuple_out_of_range_negative() {
|
||||
assert!(Color::try_from((-1, -10, -256)).is_err());
|
||||
assert_eq!(
|
||||
Color::try_from((-1, -10, -256)),
|
||||
Err(IntoColorError::IntConversion)
|
||||
);
|
||||
}
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_tuple_sum() {
|
||||
assert!(Color::try_from((-1, 255, 255)).is_err());
|
||||
assert_eq!(
|
||||
Color::try_from((-1, 255, 255)),
|
||||
Err(IntoColorError::IntConversion)
|
||||
);
|
||||
}
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_tuple_correct() {
|
||||
@ -91,17 +112,17 @@ mod tests {
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_array_out_of_range_positive() {
|
||||
let c: Result<Color, _> = [1000, 10000, 256].try_into();
|
||||
assert!(c.is_err());
|
||||
assert_eq!(c, Err(IntoColorError::IntConversion));
|
||||
}
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_array_out_of_range_negative() {
|
||||
let c: Result<Color, _> = [-10, -256, -1].try_into();
|
||||
assert!(c.is_err());
|
||||
assert_eq!(c, Err(IntoColorError::IntConversion));
|
||||
}
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_array_sum() {
|
||||
let c: Result<Color, _> = [-1, 255, 255].try_into();
|
||||
assert!(c.is_err());
|
||||
assert_eq!(c, Err(IntoColorError::IntConversion));
|
||||
}
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_array_correct() {
|
||||
@ -119,17 +140,26 @@ mod tests {
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_slice_out_of_range_positive() {
|
||||
let arr = [10000, 256, 1000];
|
||||
assert!(Color::try_from(&arr[..]).is_err());
|
||||
assert_eq!(
|
||||
Color::try_from(&arr[..]),
|
||||
Err(IntoColorError::IntConversion)
|
||||
);
|
||||
}
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_slice_out_of_range_negative() {
|
||||
let arr = [-256, -1, -10];
|
||||
assert!(Color::try_from(&arr[..]).is_err());
|
||||
assert_eq!(
|
||||
Color::try_from(&arr[..]),
|
||||
Err(IntoColorError::IntConversion)
|
||||
);
|
||||
}
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_slice_sum() {
|
||||
let arr = [-1, 255, 255];
|
||||
assert!(Color::try_from(&arr[..]).is_err());
|
||||
assert_eq!(
|
||||
Color::try_from(&arr[..]),
|
||||
Err(IntoColorError::IntConversion)
|
||||
);
|
||||
}
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_slice_correct() {
|
||||
@ -148,11 +178,11 @@ mod tests {
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_slice_excess_length() {
|
||||
let v = vec![0, 0, 0, 0];
|
||||
assert!(Color::try_from(&v[..]).is_err());
|
||||
assert_eq!(Color::try_from(&v[..]), Err(IntoColorError::BadLen));
|
||||
}
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_slice_insufficient_length() {
|
||||
let v = vec![0, 0];
|
||||
assert!(Color::try_from(&v[..]).is_err());
|
||||
assert_eq!(Color::try_from(&v[..]), Err(IntoColorError::BadLen));
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ mod tests {
|
||||
fn explains_why_generating_nametag_text_fails() {
|
||||
assert_eq!(
|
||||
generate_nametag_text("".into()),
|
||||
// Don't change this line
|
||||
Err("`name` was empty; it must be nonempty.".into())
|
||||
);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
||||
// result1.rs
|
||||
// Make this test pass! Execute `rustlings hint result1` for hints :)
|
||||
// errors4.rs
|
||||
// Make this test pass! Execute `rustlings hint errors4` for hints :)
|
||||
|
||||
// I AM NOT DONE
|
||||
|
||||
53
exercises/error_handling/errors5.rs
Normal file
53
exercises/error_handling/errors5.rs
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
|
||||
// errors5.rs
|
||||
|
||||
// This program uses a completed version of the code from errors4.
|
||||
// It won't compile right now! Why?
|
||||
// Execute `rustlings hint errors5` for hints!
|
||||
|
||||
// I AM NOT DONE
|
||||
|
||||
use std::error;
|
||||
use std::fmt;
|
||||
use std::num::ParseIntError;
|
||||
|
||||
// TODO: update the return type of `main()` to make this compile.
|
||||
fn main() -> Result<(), ParseIntError> {
|
||||
let pretend_user_input = "42";
|
||||
let x: i64 = pretend_user_input.parse()?;
|
||||
println!("output={:?}", PositiveNonzeroInteger::new(x)?);
|
||||
Ok(())
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Don't change anything below this line.
|
||||
|
||||
#[derive(PartialEq, Debug)]
|
||||
struct PositiveNonzeroInteger(u64);
|
||||
|
||||
#[derive(PartialEq, Debug)]
|
||||
enum CreationError {
|
||||
Negative,
|
||||
Zero,
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
impl PositiveNonzeroInteger {
|
||||
fn new(value: i64) -> Result<PositiveNonzeroInteger, CreationError> {
|
||||
match value {
|
||||
x if x < 0 => Err(CreationError::Negative),
|
||||
x if x == 0 => Err(CreationError::Zero),
|
||||
x => Ok(PositiveNonzeroInteger(x as u64))
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// This is required so that `CreationError` can implement `error::Error`.
|
||||
impl fmt::Display for CreationError {
|
||||
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
|
||||
let description = match *self {
|
||||
CreationError::Negative => "number is negative",
|
||||
CreationError::Zero => "number is zero",
|
||||
};
|
||||
f.write_str(description)
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
impl error::Error for CreationError {}
|
||||
95
exercises/error_handling/errors6.rs
Normal file
95
exercises/error_handling/errors6.rs
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
|
||||
// errors6.rs
|
||||
|
||||
// Using catch-all error types like `Box<dyn error::Error>` isn't recommended
|
||||
// for library code, where callers might want to make decisions based on the
|
||||
// error content, instead of printing it out or propagating it further. Here,
|
||||
// we define a custom error type to make it possible for callers to decide
|
||||
// what to do next when our function returns an error.
|
||||
|
||||
// Make these tests pass! Execute `rustlings hint errors6` for hints :)
|
||||
|
||||
// I AM NOT DONE
|
||||
|
||||
use std::num::ParseIntError;
|
||||
|
||||
// This is a custom error type that we will be using in `parse_pos_nonzero()`.
|
||||
#[derive(PartialEq, Debug)]
|
||||
enum ParsePosNonzeroError {
|
||||
Creation(CreationError),
|
||||
ParseInt(ParseIntError)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
impl ParsePosNonzeroError {
|
||||
fn from_creation(err: CreationError) -> ParsePosNonzeroError {
|
||||
ParsePosNonzeroError::Creation(err)
|
||||
}
|
||||
// TODO: add another error conversion function here.
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn parse_pos_nonzero(s: &str)
|
||||
-> Result<PositiveNonzeroInteger, ParsePosNonzeroError>
|
||||
{
|
||||
// TODO: change this to return an appropriate error instead of panicking
|
||||
// when `parse()` returns an error.
|
||||
let x: i64 = s.parse().unwrap();
|
||||
PositiveNonzeroInteger::new(x)
|
||||
.map_err(ParsePosNonzeroError::from_creation)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Don't change anything below this line.
|
||||
|
||||
#[derive(PartialEq, Debug)]
|
||||
struct PositiveNonzeroInteger(u64);
|
||||
|
||||
#[derive(PartialEq, Debug)]
|
||||
enum CreationError {
|
||||
Negative,
|
||||
Zero,
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
impl PositiveNonzeroInteger {
|
||||
fn new(value: i64) -> Result<PositiveNonzeroInteger, CreationError> {
|
||||
match value {
|
||||
x if x < 0 => Err(CreationError::Negative),
|
||||
x if x == 0 => Err(CreationError::Zero),
|
||||
x => Ok(PositiveNonzeroInteger(x as u64))
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[cfg(test)]
|
||||
mod test {
|
||||
use super::*;
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_parse_error() {
|
||||
// We can't construct a ParseIntError, so we have to pattern match.
|
||||
assert!(matches!(
|
||||
parse_pos_nonzero("not a number"),
|
||||
Err(ParsePosNonzeroError::ParseInt(_))
|
||||
));
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_negative() {
|
||||
assert_eq!(
|
||||
parse_pos_nonzero("-555"),
|
||||
Err(ParsePosNonzeroError::Creation(CreationError::Negative))
|
||||
);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_zero() {
|
||||
assert_eq!(
|
||||
parse_pos_nonzero("0"),
|
||||
Err(ParsePosNonzeroError::Creation(CreationError::Zero))
|
||||
);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_positive() {
|
||||
let x = PositiveNonzeroInteger::new(42);
|
||||
assert!(x.is_ok());
|
||||
assert_eq!(parse_pos_nonzero("42"), Ok(x.unwrap()));
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
@ -1,117 +0,0 @@
|
||||
// errorsn.rs
|
||||
// This is a bigger error exercise than the previous ones!
|
||||
// You can do it! :)
|
||||
//
|
||||
// Edit the `read_and_validate` function ONLY. Don't create any Errors
|
||||
// that do not already exist.
|
||||
//
|
||||
// So many things could go wrong!
|
||||
//
|
||||
// - Reading from stdin could produce an io::Error
|
||||
// - Parsing the input could produce a num::ParseIntError
|
||||
// - Validating the input could produce a CreationError (defined below)
|
||||
//
|
||||
// How can we lump these errors into one general error? That is, what
|
||||
// type goes where the question marks are, and how do we return
|
||||
// that type from the body of read_and_validate?
|
||||
//
|
||||
// Execute `rustlings hint errorsn` for hints :)
|
||||
|
||||
// I AM NOT DONE
|
||||
|
||||
use std::error;
|
||||
use std::fmt;
|
||||
use std::io;
|
||||
|
||||
// PositiveNonzeroInteger is a struct defined below the tests.
|
||||
fn read_and_validate(b: &mut dyn io::BufRead) -> Result<PositiveNonzeroInteger, ???> {
|
||||
let mut line = String::new();
|
||||
b.read_line(&mut line);
|
||||
let num: i64 = line.trim().parse();
|
||||
let answer = PositiveNonzeroInteger::new(num);
|
||||
answer
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
//
|
||||
// Nothing below this needs to be modified
|
||||
//
|
||||
|
||||
// This is a test helper function that turns a &str into a BufReader.
|
||||
fn test_with_str(s: &str) -> Result<PositiveNonzeroInteger, Box<dyn error::Error>> {
|
||||
let mut b = io::BufReader::new(s.as_bytes());
|
||||
read_and_validate(&mut b)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_success() {
|
||||
let x = test_with_str("42\n");
|
||||
assert_eq!(PositiveNonzeroInteger(42), x.unwrap());
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_not_num() {
|
||||
let x = test_with_str("eleven billion\n");
|
||||
assert!(x.is_err());
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_non_positive() {
|
||||
let x = test_with_str("-40\n");
|
||||
assert!(x.is_err());
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_ioerror() {
|
||||
struct Broken;
|
||||
impl io::Read for Broken {
|
||||
fn read(&mut self, _buf: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
|
||||
Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::BrokenPipe, "uh-oh!"))
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
let mut b = io::BufReader::new(Broken);
|
||||
assert!(read_and_validate(&mut b).is_err());
|
||||
assert_eq!("uh-oh!", read_and_validate(&mut b).unwrap_err().to_string());
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[derive(PartialEq, Debug)]
|
||||
struct PositiveNonzeroInteger(u64);
|
||||
|
||||
impl PositiveNonzeroInteger {
|
||||
fn new(value: i64) -> Result<PositiveNonzeroInteger, CreationError> {
|
||||
if value == 0 {
|
||||
Err(CreationError::Zero)
|
||||
} else if value < 0 {
|
||||
Err(CreationError::Negative)
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
Ok(PositiveNonzeroInteger(value as u64))
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn test_positive_nonzero_integer_creation() {
|
||||
assert!(PositiveNonzeroInteger::new(10).is_ok());
|
||||
assert_eq!(
|
||||
Err(CreationError::Negative),
|
||||
PositiveNonzeroInteger::new(-10)
|
||||
);
|
||||
assert_eq!(Err(CreationError::Zero), PositiveNonzeroInteger::new(0));
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[derive(PartialEq, Debug)]
|
||||
enum CreationError {
|
||||
Negative,
|
||||
Zero,
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
impl fmt::Display for CreationError {
|
||||
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
|
||||
let description = match *self {
|
||||
CreationError::Negative => "Number is negative",
|
||||
CreationError::Zero => "Number is zero",
|
||||
};
|
||||
f.write_str(description)
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
impl error::Error for CreationError {}
|
||||
@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
|
||||
// This shopping list program isn't compiling!
|
||||
// Use your knowledge of generics to fix it.
|
||||
|
||||
// Execute `rustlings hint generics1` for hints!
|
||||
|
||||
// I AM NOT DONE
|
||||
|
||||
fn main() {
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
|
||||
// This powerful wrapper provides the ability to store a positive integer value.
|
||||
// Rewrite it using generics so that it supports wrapping ANY type.
|
||||
|
||||
// Execute `rustlings hint generics2` for hints!
|
||||
|
||||
// I AM NOT DONE
|
||||
|
||||
struct Wrapper {
|
||||
|
||||
8
exercises/intro/README.md
Normal file
8
exercises/intro/README.md
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
|
||||
# Intro
|
||||
|
||||
Rust uses the `print!` and `println!` macros to print text to the console.
|
||||
|
||||
## Further information
|
||||
|
||||
- [Hello World](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/hello.html)
|
||||
- [Formatted print](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/hello/print.html)
|
||||
23
exercises/intro/intro1.rs
Normal file
23
exercises/intro/intro1.rs
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
|
||||
// intro1.rs
|
||||
// About this `I AM NOT DONE` thing:
|
||||
// We sometimes encourage you to keep trying things on a given exercise, even
|
||||
// after you already figured it out. If you got everything working and feel
|
||||
// ready for the next exercise, remove the `I AM NOT DONE` comment below.
|
||||
// Execute the command `rustlings hint intro1` for a hint.
|
||||
|
||||
// I AM NOT DONE
|
||||
|
||||
fn main() {
|
||||
println!("Hello and");
|
||||
println!(r#" welcome to... "#);
|
||||
println!(r#" _ _ _ "#);
|
||||
println!(r#" _ __ _ _ ___| |_| (_)_ __ __ _ ___ "#);
|
||||
println!(r#" | '__| | | / __| __| | | '_ \ / _` / __| "#);
|
||||
println!(r#" | | | |_| \__ \ |_| | | | | | (_| \__ \ "#);
|
||||
println!(r#" |_| \__,_|___/\__|_|_|_| |_|\__, |___/ "#);
|
||||
println!(r#" |___/ "#);
|
||||
println!();
|
||||
println!("This exercise compiles successfully. The remaining exercises contain a compiler");
|
||||
println!("or logic error. The central concept behind Rustlings is to fix these errors and");
|
||||
println!("solve the exercises. Good luck!");
|
||||
}
|
||||
9
exercises/intro/intro2.rs
Normal file
9
exercises/intro/intro2.rs
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
|
||||
// intro2.rs
|
||||
// Make the code print a greeting to the world.
|
||||
// Execute `rustlings hint intro2` for a hint.
|
||||
|
||||
// I AM NOT DONE
|
||||
|
||||
fn main() {
|
||||
println!("Hello {}!");
|
||||
}
|
||||
@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ In this section we'll give you an introduction to Rust's module system.
|
||||
|
||||
## Further information
|
||||
|
||||
- [The Module System](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch07-02-defining-modules-to-control-scope-and-privacy.html)
|
||||
- [The Module System](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch07-00-managing-growing-projects-with-packages-crates-and-modules.html)
|
||||
|
||||
@ -4,7 +4,13 @@
|
||||
// I AM NOT DONE
|
||||
|
||||
mod sausage_factory {
|
||||
// Don't let anybody outside of this module see this!
|
||||
fn get_secret_recipe() -> String {
|
||||
String::from("Ginger")
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn make_sausage() {
|
||||
get_secret_recipe();
|
||||
println!("sausage!");
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
|
||||
// modules2.rs
|
||||
// You can bring module paths into scopes and provide new names for them with the
|
||||
// 'use' and 'as' keywords. Fix these 'use' statements to make the code compile.
|
||||
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint modules2` for hints :)
|
||||
|
||||
// I AM NOT DONE
|
||||
|
||||
mod delicious_snacks {
|
||||
use self::fruits::PEAR as fruit;
|
||||
use self::veggies::CUCUMBER as veggie;
|
||||
|
||||
// TODO: Fix these use statements
|
||||
use self::fruits::PEAR as ???
|
||||
use self::veggies::CUCUMBER as ???
|
||||
|
||||
mod fruits {
|
||||
pub const PEAR: &'static str = "Pear";
|
||||
|
||||
18
exercises/modules/modules3.rs
Normal file
18
exercises/modules/modules3.rs
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
|
||||
// modules3.rs
|
||||
// You can use the 'use' keyword to bring module paths from modules from anywhere
|
||||
// and especially from the Rust standard library into your scope.
|
||||
// Bring SystemTime and UNIX_EPOCH
|
||||
// from the std::time module. Bonus style points if you can do it with one line!
|
||||
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint modules3` for hints :)
|
||||
|
||||
// I AM NOT DONE
|
||||
|
||||
// TODO: Complete this use statement
|
||||
use ???
|
||||
|
||||
fn main() {
|
||||
match SystemTime::now().duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH) {
|
||||
Ok(n) => println!("1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC was {} seconds ago!", n.as_secs()),
|
||||
Err(_) => panic!("SystemTime before UNIX EPOCH!"),
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
15
exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics5.rs
Normal file
15
exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics5.rs
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
|
||||
// move_semantics5.rs
|
||||
// Make me compile only by reordering the lines in `main()`, but without
|
||||
// adding, changing or removing any of them.
|
||||
// Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics5` for hints :)
|
||||
|
||||
// I AM NOT DONE
|
||||
|
||||
fn main() {
|
||||
let mut x = 100;
|
||||
let y = &mut x;
|
||||
let z = &mut x;
|
||||
*y += 100;
|
||||
*z += 1000;
|
||||
assert_eq!(x, 1200);
|
||||
}
|
||||
@ -16,3 +16,5 @@ Option types are very common in Rust code, as they have a number of uses:
|
||||
- [Option Enum Format](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/book/ch10-01-syntax.html#in-enum-definitions)
|
||||
- [Option Module Documentation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/option/)
|
||||
- [Option Enum Documentation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/option/enum.Option.html)
|
||||
- [if let](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/flow_control/if_let.html)
|
||||
- [while let](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/flow_control/while_let.html)
|
||||
|
||||
@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
|
||||
|
||||
// I AM NOT DONE
|
||||
|
||||
// you can modify anything EXCEPT for this function's sig
|
||||
// you can modify anything EXCEPT for this function's signature
|
||||
fn print_number(maybe_number: Option<u16>) {
|
||||
println!("printing: {}", maybe_number.unwrap());
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
19
exercises/option/option3.rs
Normal file
19
exercises/option/option3.rs
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
|
||||
// option3.rs
|
||||
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint option3` for hints
|
||||
|
||||
// I AM NOT DONE
|
||||
|
||||
struct Point {
|
||||
x: i32,
|
||||
y: i32,
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn main() {
|
||||
let y: Option<Point> = Some(Point { x: 100, y: 200 });
|
||||
|
||||
match y {
|
||||
Some(p) => println!("Co-ordinates are {},{} ", p.x, p.y),
|
||||
_ => println!("no match"),
|
||||
}
|
||||
y; // Fix without deleting this line.
|
||||
}
|
||||
@ -2,15 +2,16 @@
|
||||
// This is a quiz for the following sections:
|
||||
// - Variables
|
||||
// - Functions
|
||||
// - If
|
||||
|
||||
// Mary is buying apples. One apple usually costs 2 Rustbucks, but if you buy
|
||||
// more than 40 at once, each apple only costs 1! Write a function that calculates
|
||||
// the price of an order of apples given the order amount. No hints this time!
|
||||
// the price of an order of apples given the quantity bought. No hints this time!
|
||||
|
||||
// I AM NOT DONE
|
||||
|
||||
// Put your function here!
|
||||
// fn ..... {
|
||||
// fn calculate_apple_price {
|
||||
|
||||
// Don't modify this function!
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
|
||||
// iterators5.rs
|
||||
|
||||
// Let's define a simple model to track Rustlings exercise progress. Progress
|
||||
// will be modelled using a hash map. The name of the exercise is the key and
|
||||
// the progress is the value. Two counting functions were created to count the
|
||||
@ -7,8 +6,7 @@
|
||||
// imperative style for loops. Recreate this counting functionality using
|
||||
// iterators. Only the two iterator methods (count_iterator and
|
||||
// count_collection_iterator) need to be modified.
|
||||
// Execute `rustlings hint
|
||||
// iterators5` for hints.
|
||||
// Execute `rustlings hint iterators5` for hints.
|
||||
//
|
||||
// Make the code compile and the tests pass.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -16,7 +14,7 @@
|
||||
|
||||
use std::collections::HashMap;
|
||||
|
||||
#[derive(PartialEq, Eq)]
|
||||
#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
|
||||
enum Progress {
|
||||
None,
|
||||
Some,
|
||||
|
||||
@ -16,13 +16,13 @@ struct Package {
|
||||
impl Package {
|
||||
fn new(sender_country: String, recipient_country: String, weight_in_grams: i32) -> Package {
|
||||
if weight_in_grams <= 0 {
|
||||
// Something goes here...
|
||||
// panic statement goes here...
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
return Package {
|
||||
Package {
|
||||
sender_country,
|
||||
recipient_country,
|
||||
weight_in_grams,
|
||||
};
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ mod tests {
|
||||
let sender_country = String::from("Spain");
|
||||
let recipient_country = String::from("Spain");
|
||||
|
||||
let cents_per_gram = ???;
|
||||
let cents_per_gram = 3;
|
||||
|
||||
let package = Package::new(sender_country, recipient_country, 1500);
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@ -29,12 +29,12 @@ mod tests {
|
||||
use super::*;
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn is_FooBar() {
|
||||
fn is_foo_bar() {
|
||||
assert_eq!(String::from("Foo").append_bar(), String::from("FooBar"));
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn is_BarBar() {
|
||||
fn is_bar_bar() {
|
||||
assert_eq!(
|
||||
String::from("").append_bar().append_bar(),
|
||||
String::from("BarBar")
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,10 +1,6 @@
|
||||
// variables1.rs
|
||||
// Make me compile! Execute the command `rustlings hint variables1` if you want a hint :)
|
||||
|
||||
// About this `I AM NOT DONE` thing:
|
||||
// We sometimes encourage you to keep trying things on a given exercise,
|
||||
// even after you already figured it out. If you got everything working and
|
||||
// feel ready for the next exercise, remove the `I AM NOT DONE` comment below.
|
||||
// Make me compile!
|
||||
// Execute the command `rustlings hint variables1` if you want a hint :)
|
||||
|
||||
// I AM NOT DONE
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
|
||||
// I AM NOT DONE
|
||||
|
||||
fn main() {
|
||||
let number = "T-H-R-E-E";
|
||||
let number = "T-H-R-E-E"; // don't change this line
|
||||
println!("Spell a Number : {}", number);
|
||||
number = 3;
|
||||
println!("Number plus two is : {}", number + 2);
|
||||
|
||||
243
info.toml
243
info.toml
@ -1,3 +1,19 @@
|
||||
# INTRO
|
||||
|
||||
[[exercises]]
|
||||
name = "intro1"
|
||||
path = "exercises/intro/intro1.rs"
|
||||
mode = "compile"
|
||||
hint = """
|
||||
Remove the I AM NOT DONE comment to move on to the next exercise."""
|
||||
|
||||
[[exercises]]
|
||||
name = "intro2"
|
||||
path = "exercises/intro/intro2.rs"
|
||||
mode = "compile"
|
||||
hint = """
|
||||
Add an argument after the format string."""
|
||||
|
||||
# VARIABLES
|
||||
|
||||
[[exercises]]
|
||||
@ -114,8 +130,7 @@ path = "exercises/functions/functions5.rs"
|
||||
mode = "compile"
|
||||
hint = """
|
||||
This is a really common error that can be fixed by removing one character.
|
||||
It happens because Rust distinguishes between expressions and statements: expressions return
|
||||
a value based on its operand, and statements simply return a () type which behaves just like `void` in C/C++ language.
|
||||
It happens because Rust distinguishes between expressions and statements: expressions return a value based on their operand(s), and statements simply return a () type which behaves just like `void` in C/C++ language.
|
||||
We want to return a value of `i32` type from the `square` function, but it is returning a `()` type...
|
||||
They are not the same. There are two solutions:
|
||||
1. Add a `return` ahead of `num * num;`
|
||||
@ -210,6 +225,18 @@ So the end goal is to:
|
||||
- since we're not creating a new vec in `main` anymore, we need to create
|
||||
a new vec in `fill_vec`, similarly to the way we did in `main`"""
|
||||
|
||||
[[exercises]]
|
||||
name = "move_semantics5"
|
||||
path = "exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics5.rs"
|
||||
mode = "compile"
|
||||
hint = """
|
||||
Carefully reason about the range in which each mutable reference is in
|
||||
vogue. Does it help to update the value of referent (x) immediately after
|
||||
the mutable reference is taken? Read more about 'Mutable References'
|
||||
in the book's section References and Borrowing':
|
||||
https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch04-02-references-and-borrowing.html#mutable-references.
|
||||
"""
|
||||
|
||||
# PRIMITIVE TYPES
|
||||
|
||||
[[exercises]]
|
||||
@ -350,11 +377,19 @@ name = "modules2"
|
||||
path = "exercises/modules/modules2.rs"
|
||||
mode = "compile"
|
||||
hint = """
|
||||
The delicious_snacks module is trying to present an external
|
||||
interface (the `fruit` and `veggie` constants) that is different than
|
||||
its internal structure (the `fruits` and `veggies` modules and
|
||||
associated constants). It's almost there except for one keyword missing for
|
||||
each constant."""
|
||||
The delicious_snacks module is trying to present an external interface that is
|
||||
different than its internal structure (the `fruits` and `veggies` modules and
|
||||
associated constants). Complete the `use` statements to fit the uses in main and
|
||||
find the one keyword missing for both constants."""
|
||||
|
||||
[[exercises]]
|
||||
name = "modules3"
|
||||
path = "exercises/modules/modules3.rs"
|
||||
mode = "compile"
|
||||
hint = """
|
||||
UNIX_EPOCH and SystemTime are declared in the std::time module. Add a use statement
|
||||
for these two to bring them into scope. You can use nested paths or the glob
|
||||
operator to bring these two in using only one line."""
|
||||
|
||||
# COLLECTIONS
|
||||
|
||||
@ -475,42 +510,61 @@ hint = """
|
||||
If other functions can return a `Result`, why shouldn't `main`?"""
|
||||
|
||||
[[exercises]]
|
||||
name = "errorsn"
|
||||
path = "exercises/error_handling/errorsn.rs"
|
||||
name = "errors4"
|
||||
path = "exercises/error_handling/errors4.rs"
|
||||
mode = "test"
|
||||
hint = """
|
||||
First hint: To figure out what type should go where the ??? is, take a look
|
||||
at the test helper function `test_with_str`, since it returns whatever
|
||||
`read_and_validate` returns and `test_with_str` has its signature fully
|
||||
specified.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Next hint: There are three places in `read_and_validate` that we call a
|
||||
function that returns a `Result` (that is, the functions might fail).
|
||||
Apply the `?` operator on those calls so that we return immediately from
|
||||
`read_and_validate` if those function calls fail.
|
||||
`PositiveNonzeroInteger::new` is always creating a new instance and returning an `Ok` result.
|
||||
It should be doing some checking, returning an `Err` result if those checks fail, and only
|
||||
returning an `Ok` result if those checks determine that everything is... okay :)"""
|
||||
|
||||
[[exercises]]
|
||||
name = "errors5"
|
||||
path = "exercises/error_handling/errors5.rs"
|
||||
mode = "compile"
|
||||
hint = """
|
||||
Hint: There are two different possible `Result` types produced within
|
||||
`main()`, which are propagated using `?` operators. How do we declare a
|
||||
return type from `main()` that allows both?
|
||||
|
||||
Another hint: under the hood, the `?` operator calls `From::from`
|
||||
on the error value to convert it to a boxed trait object, a Box<dyn error::Error>,
|
||||
which is polymorphic-- that means that lots of different kinds of errors
|
||||
can be returned from the same function because all errors act the same
|
||||
since they all implement the `error::Error` trait.
|
||||
on the error value to convert it to a boxed trait object, a
|
||||
`Box<dyn error::Error>`, which is polymorphic-- that means that lots of
|
||||
different kinds of errors can be returned from the same function because
|
||||
all errors act the same since they all implement the `error::Error` trait.
|
||||
Check out this section of the book:
|
||||
https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch09-02-recoverable-errors-with-result.html#a-shortcut-for-propagating-errors-the--operator
|
||||
|
||||
This exercise uses some concepts that we won't get to until later in the
|
||||
course, like `Box` and the `From` trait. It's not important to understand
|
||||
them in detail right now, but you can read ahead if you like.
|
||||
|
||||
Another another hint: Note that because the `?` operator returns
|
||||
the *unwrapped* value in the `Ok` case, if we want to return a `Result` from
|
||||
`read_and_validate` for *its* success case, we'll have to rewrap a value
|
||||
that we got from the return value of a `?`ed call in an `Ok`-- this will
|
||||
look like `Ok(something)`.
|
||||
Read more about boxing errors:
|
||||
https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/rust-by-example/error/multiple_error_types/boxing_errors.html
|
||||
|
||||
Read more about using the `?` operator with boxed errors:
|
||||
https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/rust-by-example/error/multiple_error_types/reenter_question_mark.html
|
||||
"""
|
||||
|
||||
Another another another hint: `Result`s must be "used", that is, you'll
|
||||
get a warning if you don't handle a `Result` that you get in your
|
||||
function. Read more about that in the `std::result` module docs:
|
||||
https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/result/#results-must-be-used"""
|
||||
[[exercises]]
|
||||
name = "errors6"
|
||||
path = "exercises/error_handling/errors6.rs"
|
||||
mode = "test"
|
||||
hint = """
|
||||
This exercise uses a completed version of `PositiveNonzeroInteger` from
|
||||
errors4.
|
||||
|
||||
Below the line that TODO asks you to change, there is an example of using
|
||||
the `map_err()` method on a `Result` to transform one type of error into
|
||||
another. Try using something similar on the `Result` from `parse()`. You
|
||||
might use the `?` operator to return early from the function, or you might
|
||||
use a `match` expression, or maybe there's another way!
|
||||
|
||||
You can create another function inside `impl ParsePosNonzeroError` to use
|
||||
with `map_err()`.
|
||||
|
||||
Read more about `map_err()` in the `std::result` documentation:
|
||||
https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/result/enum.Result.html#method.map_err"""
|
||||
|
||||
# Generics
|
||||
|
||||
@ -546,7 +600,7 @@ ReportCard struct generic, but also the correct property - you will need to chan
|
||||
of the struct slightly too...you can do it!
|
||||
"""
|
||||
|
||||
# OPTIONS / RESULTS
|
||||
# OPTIONS
|
||||
|
||||
[[exercises]]
|
||||
name = "option1"
|
||||
@ -579,13 +633,14 @@ Also see Option::flatten
|
||||
"""
|
||||
|
||||
[[exercises]]
|
||||
name = "result1"
|
||||
path = "exercises/error_handling/result1.rs"
|
||||
mode = "test"
|
||||
name = "option3"
|
||||
path = "exercises/option/option3.rs"
|
||||
mode = "compile"
|
||||
hint = """
|
||||
`PositiveNonzeroInteger::new` is always creating a new instance and returning an `Ok` result.
|
||||
It should be doing some checking, returning an `Err` result if those checks fail, and only
|
||||
returning an `Ok` result if those checks determine that everything is... okay :)"""
|
||||
The compiler says a partial move happened in the `match`
|
||||
statement. How can this be avoided? The compiler shows the correction
|
||||
needed. After making the correction as suggested by the compiler, do
|
||||
read: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword.ref.html"""
|
||||
|
||||
# TRAITS
|
||||
|
||||
@ -737,7 +792,10 @@ The division_results variable needs to be collected into a collection type.
|
||||
The result_with_list function needs to return a single Result where the success
|
||||
case is a vector of integers and the failure case is a DivisionError.
|
||||
|
||||
The list_of_results function needs to return a vector of results."""
|
||||
The list_of_results function needs to return a vector of results.
|
||||
|
||||
See https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html#method.collect for how
|
||||
the `FromIterator` trait is used in `collect()`."""
|
||||
|
||||
[[exercises]]
|
||||
name = "iterators4"
|
||||
@ -763,7 +821,10 @@ test count_iterator.
|
||||
The collection variable in count_collection_iterator is a slice of HashMaps. It
|
||||
needs to be converted into an iterator in order to use the iterator methods.
|
||||
|
||||
The fold method can be useful in the count_collection_iterator function."""
|
||||
The fold method can be useful in the count_collection_iterator function.
|
||||
|
||||
For a further challenge, consult the documentation for Iterator to find
|
||||
a different method that could make your code more compact than using fold."""
|
||||
|
||||
# THREADS
|
||||
|
||||
@ -861,7 +922,15 @@ name = "clippy1"
|
||||
path = "exercises/clippy/clippy1.rs"
|
||||
mode = "clippy"
|
||||
hint = """
|
||||
Floating point calculations are usually imprecise, so asking if two values are exactly equal is asking for trouble"""
|
||||
Rust stores the highest precision version of any long or inifinite precision
|
||||
mathematical constants in the rust standard library.
|
||||
https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/f32/consts/index.html
|
||||
|
||||
We may be tempted to use our own approximations for certain mathematical constants,
|
||||
but clippy recognizes those imprecise mathematical constants as a source of
|
||||
potential error.
|
||||
See the suggestions of the clippy warning in compile output and use the
|
||||
appropriate replacement constant from std::f32::consts..."""
|
||||
|
||||
[[exercises]]
|
||||
name = "clippy2"
|
||||
@ -887,13 +956,48 @@ mode = "test"
|
||||
hint = """
|
||||
Follow the steps provided right before the `From` implementation"""
|
||||
|
||||
[[exercises]]
|
||||
name = "from_str"
|
||||
path = "exercises/conversions/from_str.rs"
|
||||
mode = "test"
|
||||
hint = """
|
||||
The implementation of FromStr should return an Ok with a Person object,
|
||||
or an Err with an error if the string is not valid.
|
||||
|
||||
This is almost like the `from_into` exercise, but returning errors instead
|
||||
of falling back to a default value.
|
||||
|
||||
Hint: Look at the test cases to see which error variants to return.
|
||||
|
||||
Another hint: You can use the `map_err` method of `Result` with a function
|
||||
or a closure to wrap the error from `parse::<usize>`.
|
||||
|
||||
Yet another hint: If you would like to propagate errors by using the `?`
|
||||
operator in your solution, you might want to look at
|
||||
https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/rust-by-example/error/multiple_error_types/reenter_question_mark.html
|
||||
"""
|
||||
|
||||
[[exercises]]
|
||||
name = "try_from_into"
|
||||
path = "exercises/conversions/try_from_into.rs"
|
||||
mode = "test"
|
||||
hint = """
|
||||
Follow the steps provided right before the `TryFrom` implementation.
|
||||
You can also use the example at https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.TryFrom.html"""
|
||||
You can also use the example at https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.TryFrom.html
|
||||
|
||||
Hint: Is there an implementation of `TryFrom` in the standard library that
|
||||
can both do the required integer conversion and check the range of the input?
|
||||
|
||||
Another hint: Look at the test cases to see which error variants to return.
|
||||
|
||||
Yet another hint: You can use the `map_err` or `or` methods of `Result` to
|
||||
convert errors.
|
||||
|
||||
Yet another hint: If you would like to propagate errors by using the `?`
|
||||
operator in your solution, you might want to look at
|
||||
https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/rust-by-example/error/multiple_error_types/reenter_question_mark.html
|
||||
|
||||
Challenge: Can you make the `TryFrom` implementations generic over many integer types?"""
|
||||
|
||||
[[exercises]]
|
||||
name = "as_ref_mut"
|
||||
@ -902,11 +1006,54 @@ mode = "test"
|
||||
hint = """
|
||||
Add AsRef<str> as a trait bound to the functions."""
|
||||
|
||||
# ADVANCED ERRORS
|
||||
|
||||
[[exercises]]
|
||||
name = "from_str"
|
||||
path = "exercises/conversions/from_str.rs"
|
||||
name = "advanced_errs1"
|
||||
path = "exercises/advanced_errors/advanced_errs1.rs"
|
||||
mode = "test"
|
||||
hint = """
|
||||
The implementation of FromStr should return an Ok with a Person object,
|
||||
or an Err with an error if the string is not valid.
|
||||
This is almost like the `try_from_into` exercise."""
|
||||
This exercise uses an updated version of the code in errors6. The parsing
|
||||
code is now in an implementation of the `FromStr` trait. Note that the
|
||||
parsing code uses `?` directly, without any calls to `map_err()`. There is
|
||||
one partial implementation of the `From` trait example that you should
|
||||
complete.
|
||||
|
||||
Details: The `?` operator calls `From::from()` on the error type to convert
|
||||
it to the error type of the return type of the surrounding function.
|
||||
|
||||
Hint: You will need to write another implementation of `From` that has a
|
||||
different input type.
|
||||
"""
|
||||
|
||||
[[exercises]]
|
||||
name = "advanced_errs2"
|
||||
path = "exercises/advanced_errors/advanced_errs2.rs"
|
||||
mode = "test"
|
||||
hint = """
|
||||
This exercise demonstrates a few traits that are useful for custom error
|
||||
types to implement. These traits make it easier for other code to consume
|
||||
the custom error type.
|
||||
|
||||
Follow the steps in the comment near the top of the file. You will have to
|
||||
supply a missing trait implementation, and complete a few incomplete ones.
|
||||
|
||||
You may find these pages to be helpful references:
|
||||
https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/rust-by-example/error/multiple_error_types/define_error_type.html
|
||||
https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/rust-by-example/error/multiple_error_types/boxing_errors.html
|
||||
https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/rust-by-example/error/multiple_error_types/wrap_error.html
|
||||
|
||||
Hint: What trait must our error type have for `main()` to return the return
|
||||
type that it returns?
|
||||
|
||||
Another hint: It's not necessary to implement any methods inside the missing
|
||||
trait. (Some methods have default implementations that are supplied by the
|
||||
trait.)
|
||||
|
||||
Another hint: Consult the tests to determine which error variants (and which
|
||||
error message text) to produce for certain error conditions.
|
||||
|
||||
Challenge: There is one test that is marked `#[ignore]`. Can you supply the
|
||||
missing code that will make it pass? You may want to consult the standard
|
||||
library documentation for a certain trait for more hints.
|
||||
"""
|
||||
|
||||
12
install.sh
12
install.sh
@ -12,6 +12,18 @@ else
|
||||
exit 1
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
if [ -x "$(command -v cc)" ]
|
||||
then
|
||||
echo "SUCCESS: cc is installed"
|
||||
else
|
||||
echo "ERROR: cc does not seem to be installed."
|
||||
echo "Please download (g)cc using your package manager."
|
||||
echo "OSX: xcode-select --install"
|
||||
echo "Deb: sudo apt install gcc"
|
||||
echo "Yum: sudo yum -y install gcc"
|
||||
exit 1
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
if [ -x "$(command -v rustc)" ]
|
||||
then
|
||||
echo "SUCCESS: Rust is installed"
|
||||
|
||||
@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ path = "{}.rs""#,
|
||||
"Failed to write 📎 Clippy 📎 Cargo.toml file."
|
||||
};
|
||||
fs::write(CLIPPY_CARGO_TOML_PATH, cargo_toml).expect(cargo_toml_error_msg);
|
||||
// To support the ability to run the clipy exercises, build
|
||||
// To support the ability to run the clippy exercises, build
|
||||
// an executable, in addition to running clippy. With a
|
||||
// compilation failure, this would silently fail. But we expect
|
||||
// clippy to reflect the same failure while compiling later.
|
||||
@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ path = "{}.rs""#,
|
||||
Command::new("cargo")
|
||||
.args(&["clippy", "--manifest-path", CLIPPY_CARGO_TOML_PATH])
|
||||
.args(RUSTC_COLOR_ARGS)
|
||||
.args(&["--", "-D", "warnings"])
|
||||
.args(&["--", "-D", "warnings","-D","clippy::float_cmp"])
|
||||
.output()
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ path = "{}.rs""#,
|
||||
|
||||
if cmd.status.success() {
|
||||
Ok(CompiledExercise {
|
||||
exercise: &self,
|
||||
exercise: self,
|
||||
_handle: FileHandle,
|
||||
})
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
@ -217,8 +217,7 @@ path = "{}.rs""#,
|
||||
let matched_line_index = source
|
||||
.lines()
|
||||
.enumerate()
|
||||
.filter_map(|(i, line)| if re.is_match(line) { Some(i) } else { None })
|
||||
.next()
|
||||
.find_map(|(i, line)| if re.is_match(line) { Some(i) } else { None })
|
||||
.expect("This should not happen at all");
|
||||
|
||||
let min_line = ((matched_line_index as i32) - (CONTEXT as i32)).max(0) as usize;
|
||||
|
||||
93
src/main.rs
93
src/main.rs
@ -10,7 +10,8 @@ use std::fs;
|
||||
use std::io::{self, prelude::*};
|
||||
use std::path::Path;
|
||||
use std::process::{Command, Stdio};
|
||||
use std::sync::mpsc::channel;
|
||||
use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
|
||||
use std::sync::mpsc::{channel, RecvTimeoutError};
|
||||
use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
|
||||
use std::thread;
|
||||
use std::time::Duration;
|
||||
@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ mod run;
|
||||
mod verify;
|
||||
|
||||
// In sync with crate version
|
||||
const VERSION: &str = "4.4.0";
|
||||
const VERSION: &str = "4.6.0";
|
||||
|
||||
#[derive(FromArgs, PartialEq, Debug)]
|
||||
/// Rustlings is a collection of small exercises to get you used to writing and reading Rust code
|
||||
@ -154,9 +155,7 @@ fn main() {
|
||||
"Pending"
|
||||
};
|
||||
let solve_cond = {
|
||||
(e.looks_done() && subargs.solved)
|
||||
|| (!e.looks_done() && subargs.unsolved)
|
||||
|| (!subargs.solved && !subargs.unsolved)
|
||||
(e.looks_done() && subargs.solved) || (!e.looks_done() && subargs.unsolved) || (!subargs.solved && !subargs.unsolved)
|
||||
};
|
||||
if solve_cond && (filter_cond || subargs.filter.is_none()) {
|
||||
let line = if subargs.paths {
|
||||
@ -194,7 +193,7 @@ fn main() {
|
||||
Subcommands::Run(subargs) => {
|
||||
let exercise = find_exercise(&subargs.name, &exercises);
|
||||
|
||||
run(&exercise, verbose).unwrap_or_else(|_| std::process::exit(1));
|
||||
run(exercise, verbose).unwrap_or_else(|_| std::process::exit(1));
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
Subcommands::Hint(subargs) => {
|
||||
@ -207,38 +206,50 @@ fn main() {
|
||||
verify(&exercises, verbose).unwrap_or_else(|_| std::process::exit(1));
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
Subcommands::Watch(_subargs) => {
|
||||
if let Err(e) = watch(&exercises, verbose) {
|
||||
println!(
|
||||
"Error: Could not watch your progress. Error message was {:?}.",
|
||||
e
|
||||
);
|
||||
Subcommands::Watch(_subargs) => match watch(&exercises, verbose) {
|
||||
Err(e) => {
|
||||
println!("Error: Could not watch your progress. Error message was {:?}.", e);
|
||||
println!("Most likely you've run out of disk space or your 'inotify limit' has been reached.");
|
||||
std::process::exit(1);
|
||||
}
|
||||
println!(
|
||||
"{emoji} All exercises completed! {emoji}",
|
||||
emoji = Emoji("🎉", "★")
|
||||
);
|
||||
Ok(WatchStatus::Finished) => {
|
||||
println!("{emoji} All exercises completed! {emoji}", emoji = Emoji("🎉", "★"));
|
||||
println!("\n{}\n", FENISH_LINE);
|
||||
}
|
||||
Ok(WatchStatus::Unfinished) => {
|
||||
println!("We hope you're enjoying learning about Rust!");
|
||||
println!("If you want to continue working on the exercises at a later point, you can simply run `rustlings watch` again");
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn spawn_watch_shell(failed_exercise_hint: &Arc<Mutex<Option<String>>>) {
|
||||
fn spawn_watch_shell(failed_exercise_hint: &Arc<Mutex<Option<String>>>, should_quit: Arc<AtomicBool>) {
|
||||
let failed_exercise_hint = Arc::clone(failed_exercise_hint);
|
||||
println!("Type 'hint' or open the corresponding README.md file to get help or type 'clear' to clear the screen.");
|
||||
println!("Welcome to watch mode! You can type 'help' to get an overview of the commands you can use here.");
|
||||
thread::spawn(move || loop {
|
||||
let mut input = String::new();
|
||||
match io::stdin().read_line(&mut input) {
|
||||
Ok(_) => {
|
||||
let input = input.trim();
|
||||
if input.eq("hint") {
|
||||
if input == "hint" {
|
||||
if let Some(hint) = &*failed_exercise_hint.lock().unwrap() {
|
||||
println!("{}", hint);
|
||||
}
|
||||
} else if input.eq("clear") {
|
||||
} else if input == "clear" {
|
||||
println!("\x1B[2J\x1B[1;1H");
|
||||
} else if input.eq("quit") {
|
||||
should_quit.store(true, Ordering::SeqCst);
|
||||
println!("Bye!");
|
||||
} else if input.eq("help") {
|
||||
println!("Commands available to you in watch mode:");
|
||||
println!(" hint - prints the current exercise's hint");
|
||||
println!(" clear - clears the screen");
|
||||
println!(" quit - quits watch mode");
|
||||
println!(" help - displays this help message");
|
||||
println!();
|
||||
println!("Watch mode automatically re-evaluates the current exercise");
|
||||
println!("when you edit a file's contents.")
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
println!("unknown command: {}", input);
|
||||
}
|
||||
@ -249,16 +260,26 @@ fn spawn_watch_shell(failed_exercise_hint: &Arc<Mutex<Option<String>>>) {
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn find_exercise<'a>(name: &str, exercises: &'a [Exercise]) -> &'a Exercise {
|
||||
exercises
|
||||
.iter()
|
||||
.find(|e| e.name == name)
|
||||
.unwrap_or_else(|| {
|
||||
if name.eq("next") {
|
||||
exercises.iter().find(|e| !e.looks_done()).unwrap_or_else(|| {
|
||||
println!("🎉 Congratulations! You have done all the exercises!");
|
||||
println!("🔚 There are no more exercises to do next!");
|
||||
std::process::exit(1)
|
||||
})
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
exercises.iter().find(|e| e.name == name).unwrap_or_else(|| {
|
||||
println!("No exercise found for '{}'!", name);
|
||||
std::process::exit(1)
|
||||
})
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn watch(exercises: &[Exercise], verbose: bool) -> notify::Result<()> {
|
||||
enum WatchStatus {
|
||||
Finished,
|
||||
Unfinished,
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn watch(exercises: &[Exercise], verbose: bool) -> notify::Result<WatchStatus> {
|
||||
/* Clears the terminal with an ANSI escape code.
|
||||
Works in UNIX and newer Windows terminals. */
|
||||
fn clear_screen() {
|
||||
@ -266,6 +287,7 @@ fn watch(exercises: &[Exercise], verbose: bool) -> notify::Result<()> {
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
let (tx, rx) = channel();
|
||||
let should_quit = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
|
||||
|
||||
let mut watcher: RecommendedWatcher = Watcher::new(tx, Duration::from_secs(2))?;
|
||||
watcher.watch(Path::new("./exercises"), RecursiveMode::Recursive)?;
|
||||
@ -274,12 +296,12 @@ fn watch(exercises: &[Exercise], verbose: bool) -> notify::Result<()> {
|
||||
|
||||
let to_owned_hint = |t: &Exercise| t.hint.to_owned();
|
||||
let failed_exercise_hint = match verify(exercises.iter(), verbose) {
|
||||
Ok(_) => return Ok(()),
|
||||
Ok(_) => return Ok(WatchStatus::Finished),
|
||||
Err(exercise) => Arc::new(Mutex::new(Some(to_owned_hint(exercise)))),
|
||||
};
|
||||
spawn_watch_shell(&failed_exercise_hint);
|
||||
spawn_watch_shell(&failed_exercise_hint, Arc::clone(&should_quit));
|
||||
loop {
|
||||
match rx.recv() {
|
||||
match rx.recv_timeout(Duration::from_secs(1)) {
|
||||
Ok(event) => match event {
|
||||
DebouncedEvent::Create(b) | DebouncedEvent::Chmod(b) | DebouncedEvent::Write(b) => {
|
||||
if b.extension() == Some(OsStr::new("rs")) && b.exists() {
|
||||
@ -288,14 +310,10 @@ fn watch(exercises: &[Exercise], verbose: bool) -> notify::Result<()> {
|
||||
.iter()
|
||||
.skip_while(|e| !filepath.ends_with(&e.path))
|
||||
// .filter(|e| filepath.ends_with(&e.path))
|
||||
.chain(
|
||||
exercises
|
||||
.iter()
|
||||
.filter(|e| !e.looks_done() && !filepath.ends_with(&e.path)),
|
||||
);
|
||||
.chain(exercises.iter().filter(|e| !e.looks_done() && !filepath.ends_with(&e.path)));
|
||||
clear_screen();
|
||||
match verify(pending_exercises, verbose) {
|
||||
Ok(_) => return Ok(()),
|
||||
Ok(_) => return Ok(WatchStatus::Finished),
|
||||
Err(exercise) => {
|
||||
let mut failed_exercise_hint = failed_exercise_hint.lock().unwrap();
|
||||
*failed_exercise_hint = Some(to_owned_hint(exercise));
|
||||
@ -305,8 +323,15 @@ fn watch(exercises: &[Exercise], verbose: bool) -> notify::Result<()> {
|
||||
}
|
||||
_ => {}
|
||||
},
|
||||
Err(RecvTimeoutError::Timeout) => {
|
||||
// the timeout expired, just check the `should_quit` variable below then loop again
|
||||
}
|
||||
Err(e) => println!("watch error: {:?}", e),
|
||||
}
|
||||
// Check if we need to exit
|
||||
if should_quit.load(Ordering::SeqCst) {
|
||||
return Ok(WatchStatus::Unfinished);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@ -14,9 +14,9 @@ pub fn verify<'a>(
|
||||
) -> Result<(), &'a Exercise> {
|
||||
for exercise in start_at {
|
||||
let compile_result = match exercise.mode {
|
||||
Mode::Test => compile_and_test(&exercise, RunMode::Interactive, verbose),
|
||||
Mode::Compile => compile_and_run_interactively(&exercise),
|
||||
Mode::Clippy => compile_only(&exercise),
|
||||
Mode::Test => compile_and_test(exercise, RunMode::Interactive, verbose),
|
||||
Mode::Compile => compile_and_run_interactively(exercise),
|
||||
Mode::Clippy => compile_only(exercise),
|
||||
};
|
||||
if !compile_result.unwrap_or(false) {
|
||||
return Err(exercise);
|
||||
@ -42,11 +42,11 @@ fn compile_only(exercise: &Exercise) -> Result<bool, ()> {
|
||||
progress_bar.set_message(format!("Compiling {}...", exercise).as_str());
|
||||
progress_bar.enable_steady_tick(100);
|
||||
|
||||
let _ = compile(&exercise, &progress_bar)?;
|
||||
let _ = compile(exercise, &progress_bar)?;
|
||||
progress_bar.finish_and_clear();
|
||||
|
||||
success!("Successfully compiled {}!", exercise);
|
||||
Ok(prompt_for_completion(&exercise, None))
|
||||
Ok(prompt_for_completion(exercise, None))
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Compile the given Exercise and run the resulting binary in an interactive mode
|
||||
@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ fn compile_and_run_interactively(exercise: &Exercise) -> Result<bool, ()> {
|
||||
progress_bar.set_message(format!("Compiling {}...", exercise).as_str());
|
||||
progress_bar.enable_steady_tick(100);
|
||||
|
||||
let compilation = compile(&exercise, &progress_bar)?;
|
||||
let compilation = compile(exercise, &progress_bar)?;
|
||||
|
||||
progress_bar.set_message(format!("Running {}...", exercise).as_str());
|
||||
let result = compilation.run();
|
||||
@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ fn compile_and_run_interactively(exercise: &Exercise) -> Result<bool, ()> {
|
||||
|
||||
success!("Successfully ran {}!", exercise);
|
||||
|
||||
Ok(prompt_for_completion(&exercise, Some(output.stdout)))
|
||||
Ok(prompt_for_completion(exercise, Some(output.stdout)))
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Compile the given Exercise as a test harness and display
|
||||
@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ fn compile_and_test(exercise: &Exercise, run_mode: RunMode, verbose: bool) -> Re
|
||||
}
|
||||
success!("Successfully tested {}", &exercise);
|
||||
if let RunMode::Interactive = run_mode {
|
||||
Ok(prompt_for_completion(&exercise, None))
|
||||
Ok(prompt_for_completion(exercise, None))
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
Ok(true)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user