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3d09c22869
The previous commit introduced ---merge-base a way to take the diff between the working tree or index and the merge base between an arbitrary commit and HEAD. It makes sense to extend this option to support the case where two commits are given too and behave in a manner identical to `git diff A...B`. Introduce the --merge-base flag as an alternative to triple-dot notation. Thus, we would be able to write the above as `git diff --merge-base A B`. Signed-off-by: Denton Liu <liu.denton@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
225 lines
7.1 KiB
Plaintext
225 lines
7.1 KiB
Plaintext
git-diff(1)
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===========
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NAME
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----
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git-diff - Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc
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SYNOPSIS
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--------
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[verse]
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'git diff' [<options>] [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]
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'git diff' [<options>] --cached [--merge-base] [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]
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'git diff' [<options>] [--merge-base] <commit> [<commit>...] <commit> [--] [<path>...]
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'git diff' [<options>] <commit>...<commit> [--] [<path>...]
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'git diff' [<options>] <blob> <blob>
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'git diff' [<options>] --no-index [--] <path> <path>
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DESCRIPTION
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-----------
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Show changes between the working tree and the index or a tree, changes
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between the index and a tree, changes between two trees, changes resulting
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from a merge, changes between two blob objects, or changes between two
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files on disk.
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'git diff' [<options>] [--] [<path>...]::
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This form is to view the changes you made relative to
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the index (staging area for the next commit). In other
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words, the differences are what you _could_ tell Git to
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further add to the index but you still haven't. You can
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stage these changes by using linkgit:git-add[1].
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'git diff' [<options>] --no-index [--] <path> <path>::
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This form is to compare the given two paths on the
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filesystem. You can omit the `--no-index` option when
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running the command in a working tree controlled by Git and
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at least one of the paths points outside the working tree,
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or when running the command outside a working tree
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controlled by Git. This form implies `--exit-code`.
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'git diff' [<options>] --cached [--merge-base] [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]::
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This form is to view the changes you staged for the next
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commit relative to the named <commit>. Typically you
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would want comparison with the latest commit, so if you
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do not give <commit>, it defaults to HEAD.
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If HEAD does not exist (e.g. unborn branches) and
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<commit> is not given, it shows all staged changes.
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--staged is a synonym of --cached.
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+
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If --merge-base is given, instead of using <commit>, use the merge base
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of <commit> and HEAD. `git diff --merge-base A` is equivalent to
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`git diff $(git merge-base A HEAD)`.
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'git diff' [<options>] <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
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This form is to view the changes you have in your
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working tree relative to the named <commit>. You can
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use HEAD to compare it with the latest commit, or a
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branch name to compare with the tip of a different
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branch.
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'git diff' [<options>] [--merge-base] <commit> <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
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This is to view the changes between two arbitrary
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<commit>.
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+
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If --merge-base is given, use the merge base of the two commits for the
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"before" side. `git diff --merge-base A B` is equivalent to
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`git diff $(git merge-base A B) B`.
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'git diff' [<options>] <commit> <commit>... <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
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This form is to view the results of a merge commit. The first
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listed <commit> must be the merge itself; the remaining two or
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more commits should be its parents. A convenient way to produce
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the desired set of revisions is to use the `^@` suffix.
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For instance, if `master` names a merge commit, `git diff master
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master^@` gives the same combined diff as `git show master`.
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'git diff' [<options>] <commit>..<commit> [--] [<path>...]::
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This is synonymous to the earlier form (without the `..`) for
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viewing the changes between two arbitrary <commit>. If <commit> on
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one side is omitted, it will have the same effect as
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using HEAD instead.
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'git diff' [<options>] <commit>\...<commit> [--] [<path>...]::
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This form is to view the changes on the branch containing
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and up to the second <commit>, starting at a common ancestor
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of both <commit>. `git diff A...B` is equivalent to
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`git diff $(git merge-base A B) B`. You can omit any one
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of <commit>, which has the same effect as using HEAD instead.
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Just in case you are doing something exotic, it should be
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noted that all of the <commit> in the above description, except
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in the `--merge-base` case and in the last two forms that use `..`
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notations, can be any <tree>.
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For a more complete list of ways to spell <commit>, see
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"SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
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However, "diff" is about comparing two _endpoints_, not ranges,
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and the range notations (`<commit>..<commit>` and
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`<commit>...<commit>`) do not mean a range as defined in the
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"SPECIFYING RANGES" section in linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
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'git diff' [<options>] <blob> <blob>::
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This form is to view the differences between the raw
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contents of two blob objects.
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OPTIONS
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-------
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:git-diff: 1
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include::diff-options.txt[]
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-1 --base::
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-2 --ours::
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-3 --theirs::
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Compare the working tree with the "base" version (stage #1),
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"our branch" (stage #2) or "their branch" (stage #3). The
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index contains these stages only for unmerged entries i.e.
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while resolving conflicts. See linkgit:git-read-tree[1]
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section "3-Way Merge" for detailed information.
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-0::
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Omit diff output for unmerged entries and just show
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"Unmerged". Can be used only when comparing the working tree
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with the index.
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<path>...::
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The <paths> parameters, when given, are used to limit
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the diff to the named paths (you can give directory
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names and get diff for all files under them).
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include::diff-format.txt[]
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EXAMPLES
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--------
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Various ways to check your working tree::
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+
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------------
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$ git diff <1>
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$ git diff --cached <2>
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$ git diff HEAD <3>
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------------
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<1> Changes in the working tree not yet staged for the next commit.
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<2> Changes between the index and your last commit; what you
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would be committing if you run `git commit` without `-a` option.
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<3> Changes in the working tree since your last commit; what you
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would be committing if you run `git commit -a`
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Comparing with arbitrary commits::
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------------
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$ git diff test <1>
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$ git diff HEAD -- ./test <2>
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$ git diff HEAD^ HEAD <3>
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------------
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<1> Instead of using the tip of the current branch, compare with the
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tip of "test" branch.
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<2> Instead of comparing with the tip of "test" branch, compare with
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the tip of the current branch, but limit the comparison to the
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file "test".
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<3> Compare the version before the last commit and the last commit.
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Comparing branches::
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------------
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$ git diff topic master <1>
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$ git diff topic..master <2>
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$ git diff topic...master <3>
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------------
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<1> Changes between the tips of the topic and the master branches.
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<2> Same as above.
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<3> Changes that occurred on the master branch since when the topic
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branch was started off it.
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Limiting the diff output::
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------------
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$ git diff --diff-filter=MRC <1>
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$ git diff --name-status <2>
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$ git diff arch/i386 include/asm-i386 <3>
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------------
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<1> Show only modification, rename, and copy, but not addition
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or deletion.
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<2> Show only names and the nature of change, but not actual
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diff output.
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<3> Limit diff output to named subtrees.
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Munging the diff output::
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------------
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$ git diff --find-copies-harder -B -C <1>
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$ git diff -R <2>
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------------
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<1> Spend extra cycles to find renames, copies and complete
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rewrites (very expensive).
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<2> Output diff in reverse.
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SEE ALSO
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--------
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diff(1),
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linkgit:git-difftool[1],
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linkgit:git-log[1],
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linkgit:gitdiffcore[7],
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linkgit:git-format-patch[1],
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linkgit:git-apply[1],
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linkgit:git-show[1]
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GIT
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---
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Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
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