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git/Documentation/git-config.txt
Junio C Hamano 294e949fa2 Merge branch 'ps/config-env-pairs' 
Introduce two new ways to feed configuration variable-value pairs
via environment variables, and tweak the way GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS
encodes variable/value pairs to make it more robust.

* ps/config-env-pairs:
  config: allow specifying config entries via envvar pairs
  environment: make `getenv_safe()` a public function
  config: store "git -c" variables using more robust format
  config: parse more robust format in GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS
  config: extract function to parse config pairs
  quote: make sq_dequote_step() a public function
  config: add new way to pass config via `--config-env`
  git: add `--super-prefix` to usage string
2021-01-25 14:19:19 -08:00

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git-config(1)
=============
NAME
----
git-config - Get and set repository or global options
SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
'git config' [<file-option>] [--type=<type>] [--fixed-value] [--show-origin] [--show-scope] [-z|--null] name [value [value-pattern]]
'git config' [<file-option>] [--type=<type>] --add name value
'git config' [<file-option>] [--type=<type>] [--fixed-value] --replace-all name value [value-pattern]
'git config' [<file-option>] [--type=<type>] [--show-origin] [--show-scope] [-z|--null] [--fixed-value] --get name [value-pattern]
'git config' [<file-option>] [--type=<type>] [--show-origin] [--show-scope] [-z|--null] [--fixed-value] --get-all name [value-pattern]
'git config' [<file-option>] [--type=<type>] [--show-origin] [--show-scope] [-z|--null] [--fixed-value] [--name-only] --get-regexp name_regex [value-pattern]
'git config' [<file-option>] [--type=<type>] [-z|--null] --get-urlmatch name URL
'git config' [<file-option>] [--fixed-value] --unset name [value-pattern]
'git config' [<file-option>] [--fixed-value] --unset-all name [value-pattern]
'git config' [<file-option>] --rename-section old_name new_name
'git config' [<file-option>] --remove-section name
'git config' [<file-option>] [--show-origin] [--show-scope] [-z|--null] [--name-only] -l | --list
'git config' [<file-option>] --get-color name [default]
'git config' [<file-option>] --get-colorbool name [stdout-is-tty]
'git config' [<file-option>] -e | --edit
DESCRIPTION
-----------
You can query/set/replace/unset options with this command. The name is
actually the section and the key separated by a dot, and the value will be
escaped.
Multiple lines can be added to an option by using the `--add` option.
If you want to update or unset an option which can occur on multiple
lines, a `value-pattern` (which is an extended regular expression,
unless the `--fixed-value` option is given) needs to be given. Only the
existing values that match the pattern are updated or unset. If
you want to handle the lines that do *not* match the pattern, just
prepend a single exclamation mark in front (see also <<EXAMPLES>>),
but note that this only works when the `--fixed-value` option is not
in use.
The `--type=<type>` option instructs 'git config' to ensure that incoming and
outgoing values are canonicalize-able under the given <type>. If no
`--type=<type>` is given, no canonicalization will be performed. Callers may
unset an existing `--type` specifier with `--no-type`.
When reading, the values are read from the system, global and
repository local configuration files by default, and options
`--system`, `--global`, `--local`, `--worktree` and
`--file <filename>` can be used to tell the command to read from only
that location (see <<FILES>>).
When writing, the new value is written to the repository local
configuration file by default, and options `--system`, `--global`,
`--worktree`, `--file <filename>` can be used to tell the command to
write to that location (you can say `--local` but that is the
default).
This command will fail with non-zero status upon error. Some exit
codes are:
- The section or key is invalid (ret=1),
- no section or name was provided (ret=2),
- the config file is invalid (ret=3),
- the config file cannot be written (ret=4),
- you try to unset an option which does not exist (ret=5),
- you try to unset/set an option for which multiple lines match (ret=5), or
- you try to use an invalid regexp (ret=6).
On success, the command returns the exit code 0.
OPTIONS
-------
--replace-all::
Default behavior is to replace at most one line. This replaces
all lines matching the key (and optionally the `value-pattern`).
--add::
Adds a new line to the option without altering any existing
values. This is the same as providing '^$' as the `value-pattern`
in `--replace-all`.
--get::
Get the value for a given key (optionally filtered by a regex
matching the value). Returns error code 1 if the key was not
found and the last value if multiple key values were found.
--get-all::
Like get, but returns all values for a multi-valued key.
--get-regexp::
Like --get-all, but interprets the name as a regular expression and
writes out the key names. Regular expression matching is currently
case-sensitive and done against a canonicalized version of the key
in which section and variable names are lowercased, but subsection
names are not.
--get-urlmatch name URL::
When given a two-part name section.key, the value for
section.<url>.key whose <url> part matches the best to the
given URL is returned (if no such key exists, the value for
section.key is used as a fallback). When given just the
section as name, do so for all the keys in the section and
list them. Returns error code 1 if no value is found.
--global::
For writing options: write to global `~/.gitconfig` file
rather than the repository `.git/config`, write to
`$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/config` file if this file exists and the
`~/.gitconfig` file doesn't.
+
For reading options: read only from global `~/.gitconfig` and from
`$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/config` rather than from all available files.
+
See also <<FILES>>.
--system::
For writing options: write to system-wide
`$(prefix)/etc/gitconfig` rather than the repository
`.git/config`.
+
For reading options: read only from system-wide `$(prefix)/etc/gitconfig`
rather than from all available files.
+
See also <<FILES>>.
--local::
For writing options: write to the repository `.git/config` file.
This is the default behavior.
+
For reading options: read only from the repository `.git/config` rather than
from all available files.
+
See also <<FILES>>.
--worktree::
Similar to `--local` except that `.git/config.worktree` is
read from or written to if `extensions.worktreeConfig` is
present. If not it's the same as `--local`.
-f config-file::
--file config-file::
Use the given config file instead of the one specified by GIT_CONFIG.
--blob blob::
Similar to `--file` but use the given blob instead of a file. E.g.
you can use 'master:.gitmodules' to read values from the file
'.gitmodules' in the master branch. See "SPECIFYING REVISIONS"
section in linkgit:gitrevisions[7] for a more complete list of
ways to spell blob names.
--remove-section::
Remove the given section from the configuration file.
--rename-section::
Rename the given section to a new name.
--unset::
Remove the line matching the key from config file.
--unset-all::
Remove all lines matching the key from config file.
-l::
--list::
List all variables set in config file, along with their values.
--fixed-value::
When used with the `value-pattern` argument, treat `value-pattern` as
an exact string instead of a regular expression. This will restrict
the name/value pairs that are matched to only those where the value
is exactly equal to the `value-pattern`.
--type <type>::
'git config' will ensure that any input or output is valid under the given
type constraint(s), and will canonicalize outgoing values in `<type>`'s
canonical form.
+
Valid `<type>`'s include:
+
- 'bool': canonicalize values as either "true" or "false".
- 'int': canonicalize values as simple decimal numbers. An optional suffix of
'k', 'm', or 'g' will cause the value to be multiplied by 1024, 1048576, or
1073741824 upon input.
- 'bool-or-int': canonicalize according to either 'bool' or 'int', as described
above.
- 'path': canonicalize by adding a leading `~` to the value of `$HOME` and
`~user` to the home directory for the specified user. This specifier has no
effect when setting the value (but you can use `git config section.variable
~/` from the command line to let your shell do the expansion.)
- 'expiry-date': canonicalize by converting from a fixed or relative date-string
to a timestamp. This specifier has no effect when setting the value.
- 'color': When getting a value, canonicalize by converting to an ANSI color
escape sequence. When setting a value, a sanity-check is performed to ensure
that the given value is canonicalize-able as an ANSI color, but it is written
as-is.
+
--bool::
--int::
--bool-or-int::
--path::
--expiry-date::
Historical options for selecting a type specifier. Prefer instead `--type`
(see above).
--no-type::
Un-sets the previously set type specifier (if one was previously set). This
option requests that 'git config' not canonicalize the retrieved variable.
`--no-type` has no effect without `--type=<type>` or `--<type>`.
-z::
--null::
For all options that output values and/or keys, always
end values with the null character (instead of a
newline). Use newline instead as a delimiter between
key and value. This allows for secure parsing of the
output without getting confused e.g. by values that
contain line breaks.
--name-only::
Output only the names of config variables for `--list` or
`--get-regexp`.
--show-origin::
Augment the output of all queried config options with the
origin type (file, standard input, blob, command line) and
the actual origin (config file path, ref, or blob id if
applicable).
--show-scope::
Similar to `--show-origin` in that it augments the output of
all queried config options with the scope of that value
(local, global, system, command).
--get-colorbool name [stdout-is-tty]::
Find the color setting for `name` (e.g. `color.diff`) and output
"true" or "false". `stdout-is-tty` should be either "true" or
"false", and is taken into account when configuration says
"auto". If `stdout-is-tty` is missing, then checks the standard
output of the command itself, and exits with status 0 if color
is to be used, or exits with status 1 otherwise.
When the color setting for `name` is undefined, the command uses
`color.ui` as fallback.
--get-color name [default]::
Find the color configured for `name` (e.g. `color.diff.new`) and
output it as the ANSI color escape sequence to the standard
output. The optional `default` parameter is used instead, if
there is no color configured for `name`.
+
`--type=color [--default=<default>]` is preferred over `--get-color`
(but note that `--get-color` will omit the trailing newline printed by
`--type=color`).
-e::
--edit::
Opens an editor to modify the specified config file; either
`--system`, `--global`, or repository (default).
--[no-]includes::
Respect `include.*` directives in config files when looking up
values. Defaults to `off` when a specific file is given (e.g.,
using `--file`, `--global`, etc) and `on` when searching all
config files.
--default <value>::
When using `--get`, and the requested variable is not found, behave as if
<value> were the value assigned to the that variable.
CONFIGURATION
-------------
`pager.config` is only respected when listing configuration, i.e., when
using `--list` or any of the `--get-*` which may return multiple results.
The default is to use a pager.
[[FILES]]
FILES
-----
If not set explicitly with `--file`, there are four files where
'git config' will search for configuration options:
$(prefix)/etc/gitconfig::
System-wide configuration file.
$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/config::
Second user-specific configuration file. If $XDG_CONFIG_HOME is not set
or empty, `$HOME/.config/git/config` will be used. Any single-valued
variable set in this file will be overwritten by whatever is in
`~/.gitconfig`. It is a good idea not to create this file if
you sometimes use older versions of Git, as support for this
file was added fairly recently.
~/.gitconfig::
User-specific configuration file. Also called "global"
configuration file.
$GIT_DIR/config::
Repository specific configuration file.
$GIT_DIR/config.worktree::
This is optional and is only searched when
`extensions.worktreeConfig` is present in $GIT_DIR/config.
If no further options are given, all reading options will read all of these
files that are available. If the global or the system-wide configuration
file are not available they will be ignored. If the repository configuration
file is not available or readable, 'git config' will exit with a non-zero
error code. However, in neither case will an error message be issued.
The files are read in the order given above, with last value found taking
precedence over values read earlier. When multiple values are taken then all
values of a key from all files will be used.
You may override individual configuration parameters when running any git
command by using the `-c` option. See linkgit:git[1] for details.
All writing options will per default write to the repository specific
configuration file. Note that this also affects options like `--replace-all`
and `--unset`. *'git config' will only ever change one file at a time*.
You can override these rules either by command-line options or by environment
variables. The `--global`, `--system` and `--worktree` options will limit
the file used to the global, system-wide or per-worktree file respectively.
The `GIT_CONFIG` environment variable has a similar effect, but you
can specify any filename you want.
ENVIRONMENT
-----------
GIT_CONFIG::
Take the configuration from the given file instead of .git/config.
Using the "--global" option forces this to ~/.gitconfig. Using the
"--system" option forces this to $(prefix)/etc/gitconfig.
GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM::
Whether to skip reading settings from the system-wide
$(prefix)/etc/gitconfig file. See linkgit:git[1] for details.
See also <<FILES>>.
GIT_CONFIG_COUNT::
GIT_CONFIG_KEY_<n>::
GIT_CONFIG_VALUE_<n>::
If GIT_CONFIG_COUNT is set to a positive number, all environment pairs
GIT_CONFIG_KEY_<n> and GIT_CONFIG_VALUE_<n> up to that number will be
added to the process's runtime configuration. The config pairs are
zero-indexed. Any missing key or value is treated as an error. An empty
GIT_CONFIG_COUNT is treated the same as GIT_CONFIG_COUNT=0, namely no
pairs are processed. These environment variables will override values
in configuration files, but will be overridden by any explicit options
passed via `git -c`.
+
This is useful for cases where you want to spawn multiple git commands
with a common configuration but cannot depend on a configuration file,
for example when writing scripts.
[[EXAMPLES]]
EXAMPLES
--------
Given a .git/config like this:
------------
#
# This is the config file, and
# a '#' or ';' character indicates
# a comment
#
; core variables
[core]
; Don't trust file modes
filemode = false
; Our diff algorithm
[diff]
external = /usr/local/bin/diff-wrapper
renames = true
; Proxy settings
[core]
gitproxy=proxy-command for kernel.org
gitproxy=default-proxy ; for all the rest
; HTTP
[http]
sslVerify
[http "https://weak.example.com"]
sslVerify = false
cookieFile = /tmp/cookie.txt
------------
you can set the filemode to true with
------------
% git config core.filemode true
------------
The hypothetical proxy command entries actually have a postfix to discern
what URL they apply to. Here is how to change the entry for kernel.org
to "ssh".
------------
% git config core.gitproxy '"ssh" for kernel.org' 'for kernel.org$'
------------
This makes sure that only the key/value pair for kernel.org is replaced.
To delete the entry for renames, do
------------
% git config --unset diff.renames
------------
If you want to delete an entry for a multivar (like core.gitproxy above),
you have to provide a regex matching the value of exactly one line.
To query the value for a given key, do
------------
% git config --get core.filemode
------------
or
------------
% git config core.filemode
------------
or, to query a multivar:
------------
% git config --get core.gitproxy "for kernel.org$"
------------
If you want to know all the values for a multivar, do:
------------
% git config --get-all core.gitproxy
------------
If you like to live dangerously, you can replace *all* core.gitproxy by a
new one with
------------
% git config --replace-all core.gitproxy ssh
------------
However, if you really only want to replace the line for the default proxy,
i.e. the one without a "for ..." postfix, do something like this:
------------
% git config core.gitproxy ssh '! for '
------------
To actually match only values with an exclamation mark, you have to
------------
% git config section.key value '[!]'
------------
To add a new proxy, without altering any of the existing ones, use
------------
% git config --add core.gitproxy '"proxy-command" for example.com'
------------
An example to use customized color from the configuration in your
script:
------------
#!/bin/sh
WS=$(git config --get-color color.diff.whitespace "blue reverse")
RESET=$(git config --get-color "" "reset")
echo "${WS}your whitespace color or blue reverse${RESET}"
------------
For URLs in `https://weak.example.com`, `http.sslVerify` is set to
false, while it is set to `true` for all others:
------------
% git config --type=bool --get-urlmatch http.sslverify https://good.example.com
true
% git config --type=bool --get-urlmatch http.sslverify https://weak.example.com
false
% git config --get-urlmatch http https://weak.example.com
http.cookieFile /tmp/cookie.txt
http.sslverify false
------------
include::config.txt[]
BUGS
----
When using the deprecated `[section.subsection]` syntax, changing a value
will result in adding a multi-line key instead of a change, if the subsection
is given with at least one uppercase character. For example when the config
looks like
--------
[section.subsection]
key = value1
--------
and running `git config section.Subsection.key value2` will result in
--------
[section.subsection]
key = value1
key = value2
--------
GIT
---
Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
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