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Patrick Steinhardt 3e5e6c6e94 fetch-pack: speed up loading of refs via commit graph When doing reference negotiation, git-fetch-pack(1) is loading all refs from disk in order to determine which commits it has in common with the remote repository. This can be quite expensive in repositories with many references though: in a real-world repository with around 2.2 million refs, fetching a single commit by its ID takes around 44 seconds. Dominating the loading time is decompression and parsing of the objects which are referenced by commits. Given the fact that we only care about commits (or tags which can be peeled to one) in this context, there is thus an easy performance win by switching the parsing logic to make use of the commit graph in case we have one available. Like this, we avoid hitting the object database to parse these commits but instead only load them from the commit-graph. This results in a significant performance boost when executing git-fetch in said repository with 2.2 million refs: Benchmark #1: HEAD~: git fetch $remote $commit Time (mean ± σ): 44.168 s ± 0.341 s [User: 42.985 s, System: 1.106 s] Range (min … max): 43.565 s … 44.577 s 10 runs Benchmark #2: HEAD: git fetch $remote $commit Time (mean ± σ): 19.498 s ± 0.724 s [User: 18.751 s, System: 0.690 s] Range (min … max): 18.629 s … 20.454 s 10 runs Summary 'HEAD: git fetch $remote $commit' ran 2.27 ± 0.09 times faster than 'HEAD~: git fetch $remote $commit' Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>		2021-08-04 10:45:32 -07:00
.github	…
Documentation	Git 2.32-rc1	2021-05-22 18:29:01 +09:00
block-sha1	…
builtin	Merge branch 'ab/fsck-api-cleanup'	2021-06-02 07:34:27 +09:00
ci	Merge branch 'mt/parallel-checkout-part-3'	2021-05-16 21:05:23 +09:00
compat	Merge branch 'jh/simple-ipc-sans-pthread'	2021-05-22 18:29:01 +09:00
contrib	contrib/completion: fix zsh completion regression from `59d85a2a05`	2021-06-02 12:49:40 +09:00
ewah	…
git-gui	…
gitk-git	…
gitweb	…
mergetools	…
negotiator	…
perl	Merge branch 'ab/send-email-inline-hooks-path'	2021-05-27 12:36:57 +09:00
po	l10n: es: 2.32.0 round 1	2021-06-05 20:06:23 -05:00
ppc	…
refs	Merge branch 'wc/packed-ref-removal-cleanup'	2021-05-16 21:05:24 +09:00
sha1collisiondetection@855827c583	…
sha1dc	…
sha256	…
t	Merge branch 'rs/parallel-checkout-test-fix'	2021-06-06 15:39:10 +09:00
templates	…
trace2	…
xdiff	Merge branch 'pw/patience-diff-clean-up'	2021-05-14 08:26:08 +09:00
.cirrus.yml	…
.clang-format	…
.editorconfig	…
.gitattributes	…
.gitignore	Merge branch 'ls/subtree'	2021-05-10 16:59:47 +09:00
.gitmodules	…
.mailmap	…
.travis.yml	…
.tsan-suppressions	…
CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md	…
COPYING	…
GIT-VERSION-GEN	Git 2.32	2021-06-06 15:40:01 +09:00
INSTALL	…
LGPL-2.1	…
Makefile	Merge branch 'jh/simple-ipc-sans-pthread'	2021-05-22 18:29:01 +09:00
README.md	…
RelNotes	…
SECURITY.md	…
abspath.c	…
aclocal.m4	…
add-interactive.c	…
add-interactive.h	…
add-patch.c	…
advice.c	…
advice.h	…
alias.c	…
alias.h	…
alloc.c	…
alloc.h	…
apply.c	Merge branch 'jz/apply-3way-first-message-fix'	2021-05-07 12:47:38 +09:00
apply.h	…
archive-tar.c	…
archive-zip.c	…
archive.c	…
archive.h	…
attr.c	…
attr.h	…
banned.h	…
base85.c	…
bisect.c	…
bisect.h	…
blame.c	…
blame.h	…
blob.c	…
blob.h	…
bloom.c	Merge branch 'ah/plugleaks'	2021-05-07 12:47:41 +09:00
bloom.h	…
branch.c	Merge branch 'bc/hash-transition-interop-part-1'	2021-05-10 16:59:46 +09:00
branch.h	…
builtin.h	…
bulk-checkin.c	…
bulk-checkin.h	…
bundle.c	…
bundle.h	…
cache-tree.c	…
cache-tree.h	…
cache.h	Merge branch 'mt/parallel-checkout-part-3'	2021-05-16 21:05:23 +09:00
chdir-notify.c	…
chdir-notify.h	…
check-builtins.sh	…
check_bindir	…
checkout.c	…
checkout.h	…
chunk-format.c	…
chunk-format.h	…
color.c	…
color.h	…
column.c	…
column.h	…
combine-diff.c	…
command-list.txt	…
commit-graph.c	…
commit-graph.h	…
commit-reach.c	…
commit-reach.h	…
commit-slab-decl.h	…
commit-slab-impl.h	…
commit-slab.h	…
commit.c	…
commit.h	…
common-main.c	…
config.c	Merge branch 'ps/config-global-override'	2021-05-07 12:47:39 +09:00
config.h	…
config.mak.dev	…
config.mak.in	…
config.mak.uname	…
configure.ac	…
connect.c	…
connect.h	…
connected.c	…
connected.h	…
convert.c	…
convert.h	…
copy.c	…
credential.c	…
credential.h	…
csum-file.c	…
csum-file.h	…
ctype.c	…
daemon.c	…
date.c	…
decorate.c	…
decorate.h	…
delta-islands.c	…
delta-islands.h	…
delta.h	…
detect-compiler	…
diff-delta.c	…
diff-lib.c	…
diff-merges.c	…
diff-merges.h	…
diff-no-index.c	dir: introduce readdir_skip_dot_and_dotdot() helper	2021-05-27 14:02:37 +09:00
diff.c	Merge branch 'pw/word-diff-zero-width-matches'	2021-05-14 08:26:06 +09:00
diff.h	…
diffcore-break.c	…
diffcore-delta.c	…
diffcore-order.c	…
diffcore-pickaxe.c	…
diffcore-rename.c	…
diffcore-rotate.c	…
diffcore.h	…
dir-iterator.c	…
dir-iterator.h	…
dir.c	Merge branch 'en/dir-traversal'	2021-05-28 13:03:00 +09:00
dir.h	dir: introduce readdir_skip_dot_and_dotdot() helper	2021-05-27 14:02:37 +09:00
editor.c	…
entry.c	dir: introduce readdir_skip_dot_and_dotdot() helper	2021-05-27 14:02:37 +09:00
entry.h	…
environment.c	…
environment.h	…
exec-cmd.c	…
exec-cmd.h	…
fetch-negotiator.c	…
fetch-negotiator.h	…
fetch-pack.c	fetch-pack: speed up loading of refs via commit graph	2021-08-04 10:45:32 -07:00
fetch-pack.h	…
fmt-merge-msg.c	…
fmt-merge-msg.h	…
fsck.c	…
fsck.h	…
fsmonitor.c	…
fsmonitor.h	…
fuzz-commit-graph.c	…
fuzz-pack-headers.c	…
fuzz-pack-idx.c	…
generate-cmdlist.sh	…
generate-configlist.sh	…
gettext.c	…
gettext.h	…
git-add--interactive.perl	…
git-archimport.perl	…
git-bisect.sh	…
git-compat-util.h	…
git-cvsexportcommit.perl	…
git-cvsimport.perl	…
git-cvsserver.perl	…
git-difftool--helper.sh	…
git-filter-branch.sh	…
git-instaweb.sh	…
git-merge-octopus.sh	…
git-merge-one-file.sh	…
git-merge-resolve.sh	…
git-mergetool--lib.sh	…
git-mergetool.sh	…
git-p4.py	git-p4: speed up search for branch parent	2021-05-06 12:51:33 +09:00
git-quiltimport.sh	…
git-rebase--preserve-merges.sh	…
git-request-pull.sh	…
git-send-email.perl	Merge branch 'ab/send-email-inline-hooks-path'	2021-05-27 12:36:57 +09:00
git-sh-i18n.sh	…
git-sh-setup.sh	…
git-submodule.sh	…
git-svn.perl	…
git-web--browse.sh	…
git.c	Merge branch 'ps/config-env-option-with-separate-value'	2021-05-07 12:47:37 +09:00
git.rc	…
gpg-interface.c	…
gpg-interface.h	…
graph.c	…
graph.h	…
grep.c	…
grep.h	…
hash-lookup.c	…
hash-lookup.h	…
hash.h	…
hashmap.c	…
hashmap.h	…
help.c	…
help.h	…
hex.c	…
http-backend.c	…
http-fetch.c	…
http-push.c	Merge branch 'bc/hash-transition-interop-part-1'	2021-05-10 16:59:46 +09:00
http-walker.c	…
http.c	Merge branch 'cs/http-use-basic-after-failed-negotiate'	2021-05-21 05:49:41 +09:00
http.h	…
ident.c	…
imap-send.c	…
iterator.h	…
json-writer.c	…
json-writer.h	…
khash.h	…
kwset.c	…
kwset.h	…
levenshtein.c	…
levenshtein.h	…
line-log.c	…
line-log.h	…
line-range.c	…
line-range.h	…
linear-assignment.c	…
linear-assignment.h	…
list-objects-filter-options.c	…
list-objects-filter-options.h	…
list-objects-filter.c	…
list-objects-filter.h	…
list-objects.c	…
list-objects.h	…
list.h	…
ll-merge.c	…
ll-merge.h	…
lockfile.c	…
lockfile.h	…
log-tree.c	…
log-tree.h	…
ls-refs.c	…
ls-refs.h	…
mailinfo.c	Merge branch 'dd/mailinfo-quoted-cr'	2021-05-16 21:05:23 +09:00
mailinfo.h	am: learn to process quoted lines that ends with CRLF	2021-05-10 15:06:22 +09:00
mailmap.c	…
mailmap.h	…
match-trees.c	…
mem-pool.c	…
mem-pool.h	…
merge-blobs.c	…
merge-blobs.h	…
merge-ort-wrappers.c	…
merge-ort-wrappers.h	…
merge-ort.c	Merge branch 'ah/merge-ort-i18n'	2021-05-16 21:05:23 +09:00
merge-ort.h	…
merge-recursive.c	Merge branch 'js/merge-already-up-to-date-message-reword'	2021-05-11 15:27:22 +09:00
merge-recursive.h	…
merge.c	…
mergesort.c	…
mergesort.h	…
midx.c	…
midx.h	…
name-hash.c	…
notes-cache.c	…
notes-cache.h	…
notes-merge.c	dir: introduce readdir_skip_dot_and_dotdot() helper	2021-05-27 14:02:37 +09:00
notes-merge.h	…
notes-utils.c	…
notes-utils.h	…
notes.c	…
notes.h	…
object-file.c	dir: introduce readdir_skip_dot_and_dotdot() helper	2021-05-27 14:02:37 +09:00
object-name.c	…
object-store.h	…
object.c	…
object.h	Merge branch 'jt/push-negotiation'	2021-05-16 21:05:22 +09:00
oid-array.c	…
oid-array.h	…
oidmap.c	…
oidmap.h	…
oidset.c	…
oidset.h	…
pack-bitmap-write.c	…
pack-bitmap.c	Merge branch 'ps/rev-list-object-type-filter'	2021-05-07 12:47:41 +09:00
pack-bitmap.h	Merge branch 'ps/rev-list-object-type-filter'	2021-05-07 12:47:41 +09:00
pack-check.c	…
pack-objects.c	…
pack-objects.h	pack-objects: move static inline from a header to the sole consumer	2021-05-27 12:14:41 +09:00
pack-revindex.c	…
pack-revindex.h	…
pack-write.c	…
pack.h	…
packfile.c	dir: introduce readdir_skip_dot_and_dotdot() helper	2021-05-27 14:02:37 +09:00
packfile.h	…
pager.c	…
parallel-checkout.c	ci: run test round with parallel-checkout enabled	2021-05-05 12:27:17 +09:00
parallel-checkout.h	…
parse-options-cb.c	…
parse-options.c	…
parse-options.h	…
patch-delta.c	…
patch-ids.c	…
patch-ids.h	…
path.c	…
path.h	…
pathspec.c	Merge branch 'mt/add-rm-in-sparse-checkout'	2021-05-07 12:47:40 +09:00
pathspec.h	Merge branch 'mt/add-rm-in-sparse-checkout'	2021-05-07 12:47:40 +09:00
pkt-line.c	…
pkt-line.h	…
preload-index.c	…
pretty.c	…
pretty.h	…
prio-queue.c	…
prio-queue.h	…
progress.c	…
progress.h	…
promisor-remote.c	…
promisor-remote.h	…
prompt.c	…
prompt.h	…
protocol-caps.c	…
protocol-caps.h	…
protocol.c	…
protocol.h	…
prune-packed.c	…
prune-packed.h	…
quote.c	…
quote.h	…
range-diff.c	…
range-diff.h	…
reachable.c	Merge branch 'ps/rev-list-object-type-filter'	2021-05-07 12:47:41 +09:00
reachable.h	…
read-cache.c	Merge branch 'mt/parallel-checkout-part-3'	2021-05-16 21:05:23 +09:00
rebase-interactive.c	…
rebase-interactive.h	…
rebase.c	…
rebase.h	…
ref-filter.c	Merge branch 'zh/ref-filter-push-remote-fix'	2021-05-20 08:55:00 +09:00
ref-filter.h	…
reflog-walk.c	…
reflog-walk.h	…
refs.c	Merge branch 'bc/hash-transition-interop-part-1'	2021-05-10 16:59:46 +09:00
refs.h	…
refspec.c	…
refspec.h	…
remote-curl.c	remote-curl: fix clone on sha256 repos	2021-05-12 12:14:44 +09:00
remote.c	…
remote.h	…
replace-object.c	…
replace-object.h	…
repo-settings.c	…
repository.c	…
repository.h	…
rerere.c	dir: introduce readdir_skip_dot_and_dotdot() helper	2021-05-27 14:02:37 +09:00
rerere.h	…
reset.c	…
reset.h	…
resolve-undo.c	…
resolve-undo.h	…
revision.c	Merge branch 'ah/plugleaks'	2021-05-07 12:47:41 +09:00
revision.h	…
run-command.c	…
run-command.h	…
send-pack.c	send-pack: support push negotiation	2021-05-05 10:41:29 +09:00
send-pack.h	…
sequencer.c	Merge branch 'bc/hash-transition-interop-part-1'	2021-05-10 16:59:46 +09:00
sequencer.h	…
serve.c	…
serve.h	…
server-info.c	…
setup.c	…
sh-i18n--envsubst.c	…
sha1dc_git.c	…
sha1dc_git.h	…
shallow.c	…
shallow.h	…
shell.c	…
shortlog.h	…
sideband.c	…
sideband.h	…
sigchain.c	…
sigchain.h	…
simple-ipc.h	simple-ipc: correct ifdefs when NO_PTHREADS is defined	2021-05-21 07:55:00 +09:00
sparse-index.c	Merge branch 'ds/sparse-index-protections'	2021-05-21 05:50:38 +09:00
sparse-index.h	…
split-index.c	…
split-index.h	…
stable-qsort.c	…
strbuf.c	…
strbuf.h	…
streaming.c	streaming.c: move {open,close,read} from vtable to "struct git_istream"	2021-05-06 12:56:10 +09:00
streaming.h	…
string-list.c	…
string-list.h	…
strmap.c	…
strmap.h	…
strvec.c	…
strvec.h	…
sub-process.c	…
sub-process.h	…
submodule-config.c	…
submodule-config.h	…
submodule.c	Merge branch 'bc/hash-transition-interop-part-1'	2021-05-10 16:59:46 +09:00
submodule.h	…
symlinks.c	…
tag.c	…
tag.h	…
tar.h	…
tempfile.c	…
tempfile.h	…
thread-utils.c	…
thread-utils.h	…
tmp-objdir.c	…
tmp-objdir.h	…
trace.c	…
trace.h	…
trace2.c	…
trace2.h	…
trailer.c	…
trailer.h	…
transport-helper.c	…
transport-internal.h	…
transport.c	Merge branch 'jt/push-negotiation'	2021-05-16 21:05:22 +09:00
transport.h	…
tree-diff.c	…
tree-walk.c	…
tree-walk.h	…
tree.c	…
tree.h	…
unicode-width.h	…
unimplemented.sh	…
unix-socket.c	…
unix-socket.h	…
unix-stream-server.c	…
unix-stream-server.h	…
unpack-trees.c	Merge branch 'mt/parallel-checkout-part-3'	2021-05-16 21:05:23 +09:00
unpack-trees.h	…
upload-pack.c	Merge branch 'jt/push-negotiation'	2021-05-16 21:05:22 +09:00
upload-pack.h	…
url.c	…
url.h	…
urlmatch.c	…
urlmatch.h	…
usage.c	…
userdiff.c	…
userdiff.h	…
utf8.c	…
utf8.h	…
varint.c	…
varint.h	…
version.c	…
version.h	…
versioncmp.c	…
walker.c	…
walker.h	…
wildmatch.c	…
wildmatch.h	…
worktree.c	dir: introduce readdir_skip_dot_and_dotdot() helper	2021-05-27 14:02:37 +09:00
worktree.h	…
wrap-for-bin.sh	…
wrapper.c	…
write-or-die.c	fsync(): be prepared to see EINTR	2021-06-05 22:13:40 +09:00
ws.c	…
wt-status.c	Merge branch 'bc/hash-transition-interop-part-1'	2021-05-10 16:59:46 +09:00
wt-status.h	…
xdiff-interface.c	…
xdiff-interface.h	…
zlib.c	…

README.md

Git - fast, scalable, distributed revision control system

Git is a fast, scalable, distributed revision control system with an unusually rich command set that provides both high-level operations and full access to internals.

Git is an Open Source project covered by the GNU General Public License version 2 (some parts of it are under different licenses, compatible with the GPLv2). It was originally written by Linus Torvalds with help of a group of hackers around the net.

Please read the file INSTALL for installation instructions.

Many Git online resources are accessible from https://git-scm.com/ including full documentation and Git related tools.

See Documentation/gittutorial.txt to get started, then see Documentation/giteveryday.txt for a useful minimum set of commands, and Documentation/git-<commandname>.txt for documentation of each command. If git has been correctly installed, then the tutorial can also be read with man gittutorial or git help tutorial, and the documentation of each command with man git-<commandname> or git help <commandname>.

CVS users may also want to read Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt (man gitcvs-migration or git help cvs-migration if git is installed).

The user discussion and development of Git take place on the Git mailing list -- everyone is welcome to post bug reports, feature requests, comments and patches to git@vger.kernel.org (read Documentation/SubmittingPatches for instructions on patch submission). To subscribe to the list, send an email with just "subscribe git" in the body to majordomo@vger.kernel.org. The mailing list archives are available at https://lore.kernel.org/git/, http://marc.info/?l=git and other archival sites.

Issues which are security relevant should be disclosed privately to the Git Security mailing list git-security@googlegroups.com.

The maintainer frequently sends the "What's cooking" reports that list the current status of various development topics to the mailing list. The discussion following them give a good reference for project status, development direction and remaining tasks.

The name "git" was given by Linus Torvalds when he wrote the very first version. He described the tool as "the stupid content tracker" and the name as (depending on your mood):

random three-letter combination that is pronounceable, and not actually used by any common UNIX command. The fact that it is a mispronunciation of "get" may or may not be relevant.
stupid. contemptible and despicable. simple. Take your pick from the dictionary of slang.
"global information tracker": you're in a good mood, and it actually works for you. Angels sing, and a light suddenly fills the room.
"goddamn idiotic truckload of sh*t": when it breaks