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1729fa9878
When reading the synopsis for git-for-each-ref it is easy to miss the obvious power of --shell and family. Call this feature out in the primary paragragh. Also add more description to the examples to indicate which features we are demonstrating. Finally add a very simple eval based example in addition to the very complex one to give a gentler introduction. Signed-off-by: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
182 lines
4.3 KiB
Plaintext
182 lines
4.3 KiB
Plaintext
git-for-each-ref(1)
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===================
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NAME
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----
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git-for-each-ref - Output information on each ref
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SYNOPSIS
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--------
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'git-for-each-ref' [--count=<count>]* [--shell|--perl|--python] [--sort=<key>]* [--format=<format>] [<pattern>]
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DESCRIPTION
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-----------
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Iterate over all refs that match `<pattern>` and show them
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according to the given `<format>`, after sorting them according
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to the given set of `<key>`s. If `<max>` is given, stop after
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showing that many refs. The interporated values in `<format>`
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can optionally be quoted as string literals in the specified
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host language allowing their direct evaluation in that language.
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OPTIONS
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-------
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<count>::
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By default the command shows all refs that match
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`<pattern>`. This option makes it stop after showing
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that many refs.
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<key>::
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A field name to sort on. Prefix `-` to sort in
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descending order of the value. When unspecified,
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`refname` is used. More than one sort keys can be
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given.
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<format>::
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A string that interpolates `%(fieldname)` from the
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object pointed at by a ref being shown. If `fieldname`
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is prefixed with an asterisk (`*`) and the ref points
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at a tag object, the value for the field in the object
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tag refers is used. When unspecified, defaults to
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`%(refname)`.
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<pattern>::
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If given, the name of the ref is matched against this
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using fnmatch(3). Refs that do not match the pattern
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are not shown.
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--shell, --perl, --python::
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If given, strings that substitute `%(fieldname)`
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placeholders are quoted as string literals suitable for
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the specified host language. This is meant to produce
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a scriptlet that can directly be `eval`ed.
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FIELD NAMES
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-----------
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Various values from structured fields in referenced objects can
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be used to interpolate into the resulting output, or as sort
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keys.
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For all objects, the following names can be used:
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refname::
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The name of the ref (the part after $GIT_DIR/refs/).
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objecttype::
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The type of the object (`blob`, `tree`, `commit`, `tag`).
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objectsize::
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The size of the object (the same as `git-cat-file -s` reports).
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objectname::
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The object name (aka SHA-1).
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In addition to the above, for commit and tag objects, the header
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field names (`tree`, `parent`, `object`, `type`, and `tag`) can
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be used to specify the value in the header field.
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Fields that have name-email-date tuple as its value (`author`,
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`committer`, and `tagger`) can be suffixed with `name`, `email`,
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and `date` to extract the named component.
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The first line of the message in a commit and tag object is
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`subject`, the remaining lines are `body`. The whole message
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is `contents`.
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For sorting purposes, fields with numeric values sort in numeric
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order (`objectsize`, `authordate`, `committerdate`, `taggerdate`).
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All other fields are used to sort in their byte-value order.
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In any case, a field name that refers to a field inapplicable to
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the object referred by the ref does not cause an error. It
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returns an empty string instead.
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EXAMPLES
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--------
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An example directly producing formatted text. Show the most recent
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3 tagged commits::
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------------
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#!/bin/sh
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git-for-each-ref --count=3 --sort='-*authordate' \
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--format='From: %(*authorname) %(*authoremail)
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Subject: %(*subject)
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Date: %(*authordate)
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Ref: %(*refname)
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%(*body)
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' 'refs/tags'
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------------
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A simple example showing the use of shell eval on the output,
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demonstrating the use of --shell. List the prefixes of all heads::
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------------
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#!/bin/sh
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git-for-each-ref --shell --format="ref=%(refname)" refs/heads | \
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while read entry
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do
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eval "$entry"
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echo `dirname $ref`
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done
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------------
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A bit more elaborate report on tags, demonstrating that the format
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may be an entire script::
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------------
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#!/bin/sh
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fmt='
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r=%(refname)
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t=%(*objecttype)
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T=${r#refs/tags/}
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o=%(*objectname)
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n=%(*authorname)
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e=%(*authoremail)
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s=%(*subject)
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d=%(*authordate)
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b=%(*body)
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kind=Tag
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if test "z$t" = z
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then
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# could be a lightweight tag
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t=%(objecttype)
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kind="Lightweight tag"
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o=%(objectname)
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n=%(authorname)
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e=%(authoremail)
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s=%(subject)
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d=%(authordate)
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b=%(body)
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fi
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echo "$kind $T points at a $t object $o"
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if test "z$t" = zcommit
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then
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echo "The commit was authored by $n $e
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at $d, and titled
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$s
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Its message reads as:
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"
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echo "$b" | sed -e "s/^/ /"
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echo
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fi
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'
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eval=`git-for-each-ref --shell --format="$fmt" \
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--sort='*objecttype' \
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--sort=-taggerdate \
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refs/tags`
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eval "$eval"
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------------
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