diff --git a/builtin/push.c b/builtin/push.c
index 31a5ba085d..2fd0a70fa8 100644
--- a/builtin/push.c
+++ b/builtin/push.c
@@ -299,6 +299,13 @@ static int push_with_options(struct transport *transport, int flags)
 	if (thin)
 		transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_THIN, "yes");
 
+	if (!is_empty_cas(&cas)) {
+		if (!transport->smart_options)
+			die("underlying transport does not support --%s option",
+			    CAS_OPT_NAME);
+		transport->smart_options->cas = &cas;
+	}
+
 	if (verbosity > 0)
 		fprintf(stderr, _("Pushing to %s\n"), transport->url);
 	err = transport_push(transport, refspec_nr, refspec, flags,
diff --git a/builtin/send-pack.c b/builtin/send-pack.c
index a23b26db17..6027ead5a9 100644
--- a/builtin/send-pack.c
+++ b/builtin/send-pack.c
@@ -242,6 +242,9 @@ int cmd_send_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (match_push_refs(local_refs, &remote_refs, nr_refspecs, refspecs, flags))
 		return -1;
 
+	if (!is_empty_cas(&cas))
+		apply_push_cas(&cas, remote, remote_refs);
+
 	set_ref_status_for_push(remote_refs, args.send_mirror,
 		args.force_update);
 
diff --git a/remote.c b/remote.c
index 0d383533d4..52e3a12d6c 100644
--- a/remote.c
+++ b/remote.c
@@ -1978,3 +1978,64 @@ int parseopt_push_cas_option(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unse
 {
 	return parse_push_cas_option(opt->value, arg, unset);
 }
+
+int is_empty_cas(const struct push_cas_option *cas)
+{
+	return !cas->use_tracking_for_rest && !cas->nr;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Look at remote.fetch refspec and see if we have a remote
+ * tracking branch for the refname there.  Fill its current
+ * value in sha1[].
+ * If we cannot do so, return negative to signal an error.
+ */
+static int remote_tracking(struct remote *remote, const char *refname,
+			   unsigned char sha1[20])
+{
+	char *dst;
+
+	dst = apply_refspecs(remote->fetch, remote->fetch_refspec_nr, refname);
+	if (!dst)
+		return -1; /* no tracking ref for refname at remote */
+	if (read_ref(dst, sha1))
+		return -1; /* we know what the tracking ref is but we cannot read it */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void apply_cas(struct push_cas_option *cas,
+		      struct remote *remote,
+		      struct ref *ref)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	/* Find an explicit --<option>=<name>[:<value>] entry */
+	for (i = 0; i < cas->nr; i++) {
+		struct push_cas *entry = &cas->entry[i];
+		if (!refname_match(entry->refname, ref->name, ref_rev_parse_rules))
+			continue;
+		ref->expect_old_sha1 = 1;
+		if (!entry->use_tracking)
+			hashcpy(ref->old_sha1_expect, cas->entry[i].expect);
+		else if (remote_tracking(remote, ref->name, ref->old_sha1_expect))
+			ref->expect_old_no_trackback = 1;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* Are we using "--<option>" to cover all? */
+	if (!cas->use_tracking_for_rest)
+		return;
+
+	ref->expect_old_sha1 = 1;
+	if (remote_tracking(remote, ref->name, ref->old_sha1_expect))
+		ref->expect_old_no_trackback = 1;
+}
+
+void apply_push_cas(struct push_cas_option *cas,
+		    struct remote *remote,
+		    struct ref *remote_refs)
+{
+	struct ref *ref;
+	for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next)
+		apply_cas(cas, remote, ref);
+}
diff --git a/remote.h b/remote.h
index 843c3cef45..ca3c8c8de8 100644
--- a/remote.h
+++ b/remote.h
@@ -77,10 +77,13 @@ struct ref {
 	struct ref *next;
 	unsigned char old_sha1[20];
 	unsigned char new_sha1[20];
+	unsigned char old_sha1_expect[20]; /* used by expect-old */
 	char *symref;
 	unsigned int
 		force:1,
 		forced_update:1,
+		expect_old_sha1:1,
+		expect_old_no_trackback:1,
 		deletion:1,
 		matched:1;
 
@@ -248,4 +251,7 @@ extern int parseopt_push_cas_option(const struct option *, const char *arg, int
 extern int parse_push_cas_option(struct push_cas_option *, const char *arg, int unset);
 extern void clear_cas_option(struct push_cas_option *);
 
+extern int is_empty_cas(const struct push_cas_option *);
+void apply_push_cas(struct push_cas_option *, struct remote *, struct ref *);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/transport.c b/transport.c
index b84dbf086c..5dd92b7801 100644
--- a/transport.c
+++ b/transport.c
@@ -1142,6 +1142,12 @@ int transport_push(struct transport *transport,
 			return -1;
 		}
 
+		if (transport->smart_options &&
+		    transport->smart_options->cas &&
+		    !is_empty_cas(transport->smart_options->cas))
+			apply_push_cas(transport->smart_options->cas,
+				       transport->remote, remote_refs);
+
 		set_ref_status_for_push(remote_refs,
 			flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR,
 			flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE);
diff --git a/transport.h b/transport.h
index b551f99110..10f7556001 100644
--- a/transport.h
+++ b/transport.h
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ struct git_transport_options {
 	int depth;
 	const char *uploadpack;
 	const char *receivepack;
+	struct push_cas_option *cas;
 };
 
 struct transport {
@@ -127,6 +128,9 @@ struct transport *transport_get(struct remote *, const char *);
 /* Transfer the data as a thin pack if not null */
 #define TRANS_OPT_THIN "thin"
 
+/* Check the current value of the remote ref */
+#define TRANS_OPT_CAS "cas"
+
 /* Keep the pack that was transferred if not null */
 #define TRANS_OPT_KEEP "keep"